Nutrient Digestion

Question 1

What two monosaccharides make up lactose?

Answer 1

Glucose and galactose

Question 2

What two monosaccharides make up sucrose?

Answer 2

Glucose and Fructose

Question 3

What two monosaccharides make up maltose?

Answer 3

Glucose and glucose

Question 4

What bonds are present in starch, cellulose and glycogen?

Answer 4

Alpha 1,4 Glycosidic bonds are present in starch and glycogen
Beta 1, 4 glycosidic bonds are present in cellulose

Question 5

What are three types of transportation of molecules through microvilli?

Answer 5

Paracellular (goes round side of microvilli instead of through it)
Transcellular (travel through microvilli)
Vectorial Transport (use vectors to travel through microvilli)

Question 6

What transporters are needed to transport glucose and fructose across cell membranes?

Answer 6

Glucose uses SGLT1 to get into the cell and GLUT-2 to get out of the cell into the blood.
Fructose uses GLUT-5 to get into the cell and GLUT-2 to get into the blood.

Question 7

What does lipase act on and what does it turn it into?

Answer 7

It acts on triacylglycerol turning it into a monoglyceride and two fatty acids.

Question 8

What are two emulsification agents?

Answer 8

Bile salts and phospholipids secreted in the bile.

Question 9

What is a micelle made up of?

Answer 9

Bile salt and phospholipid and monoglycerides and fatty acids

Question 10

Name four soluble vitamins

Answer 10

A, D, E, K