Anorectal Disorders Flashcards
What is an imperforate anus?
A congenital condition in which a baby is born without an anus
What is Hirschsprung’s disease?
A congenital disease where the myenteric plexus is lost in the bowel so get bowel obstruction. Presents with fever, vomiting, failure to pass meconium, failure to thrive and explosion of diarrhoea. Diagnosed histologically with rectal biopsy not having ganglionic cells. Treat with surgery to remove part of bowel without ganglionic cells (usually distal part)
What are some risk factors for haemorrhoids?
Constipation or diarrhoea due to straining Pregnancy Liver problems Ascites Abdominal mass
What are the treatments for haemorrhoids?
Depends on the severity
Topical hydrocortisone
Rubber band ligation or sclerotherapy
Haemorrhoidectomy
What is the biggest risk factor for anal fissure?
Pregnancy
What is the treatment for anal fissure?
On presentation treat with topical glycerol trinitrate or topical diltiazem. If that doesn’t work try botulinum toxin injection then surgical sphincterotomy
