nursing process/intro Flashcards
high risk patients
Liver and kidney impairment Genetic factors Drug allergies Pregnancy Older adult or pediatric age group
Promoting patient adherence
Extent to which a patient’s behavior coincides with medical advice
minimizing adverse interactions
Take a thorough drug history
Advise the patient to avoid over-the-counter drugs that can interact with the prescribed medication
Monitor for adverse interactions that are known to occur
Be alert for as-yet-unknown interactions
Properties of an ideal drug
Effectiveness
-Most important property
Safety
Selectivity
-Drug elicits only the
response for which it
was givenObjective of drug therapy
To provide maximum benefit with minimum harm.
Administration
Important determinants of drug responses: Dosage size, route, and timing.
Pharmacokinetics
Determining how much of the administered dose gets to its site of action.
Pharmacodynamics
Impact of drugs on the body. Drug-receptor interaction. Patients functional state can influence pharmacodynamic processes.
Limitations of drug testing
Limited information about the majority of people including women and children and failure to detect all adverse effects.
Adverse drug reactions
Any unexpected or dangerous reaction to a drug. An unwanted effect caused by the administration of a drug
Variations in drug response
Physiologic Variables -Age, gender, weight Pathologic Variables -Diminished function of Kidneys and liver Genetic variables -Can alter the metabolism of drugs and predispose the patient to unique interactions Drug interactions
Drug Holiday
When a patient stops taking a medication(s) for a period of time; anywhere from a few days to many months or even years if they feel it is in their best interests.
Therapeutic Range
A range of plasma drug levels, falling between the MEC (minimum effective concentration) and the toxic concentration, that is termed the therapeutic range.
schedule I to V
highest are 1, lowest are 5
idiosyncratic effect
uncommon drug response resulting from genetics
