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biology > NURSING 2005_Rheumatoid Arthritis_1 Slide PP > Flashcards

NURSING 2005_Rheumatoid Arthritis_1 Slide PP Flashcards

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1
Q

Front

A

Back

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2
Q

<h1>Page 01</h1>

<br></br>What is the 2nd most common form of arthritis?

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis.

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3
Q

<h1>Page 01</h1>

<br></br>Which age group is more susceptible to Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

Individuals over 65 years old.

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4
Q

<h1>Page 01</h1>

<br></br>Who is more likely to develop Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

Women.

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5
Q

<h1>Page 01</h1>

<br></br>What are the non-modifiable risk factors for Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

Genetic predisposition, Gender, Age.

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6
Q

<h1>Page 02</h1>

<br></br>What type of disorder is Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

Autoimmune Disorder.

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7
Q

<h1>Page 02</h1>

<br></br>What makes Rheumatoid Arthritis complex?

A

It is not fully understood.

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8
Q

<h1>Page 02</h1>

<br></br>What are the genetic factors associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA-DR1/4).

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9
Q

<h1>Page 02</h1>

<br></br>What are some environmental stimuli linked to Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

Pathogens, Cigarette smoke, etc.

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10
Q

<h1>Page 02</h1>

<br></br>What events form the chain of immunological events in Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

Not specified.

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11
Q

<h1>Page 03</h1>

<br></br>What is the second most common form of arthritis?

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis.

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12
Q

<h1>Page 03</h1>

<br></br>What are the non-modifiable risk factors for Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

Genetic predisposition, Gender, Age.

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13
Q

<h1>Page 03</h1>

<br></br>What is the complexity of Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

It is an autoimmune disorder.

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14
Q

<h1>Page 03</h1>

<br></br>What are the genetic factors associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA-DR1/4).

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15
Q

<h1>Page 03</h1>

<br></br>What are the key immunological events in Rheumatoid Arthritis pathophysiology?

A

Inflammatory cells and synovial proliferation.

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16
Q

<h1>Page 03</h1>

<br></br>Which cytokines are involved in Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

TNF-α, Interleukin 1, Interleukin 6.

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17
Q

<h1>Page 03</h1>

<br></br>What are the potential therapeutic targets for reducing joint damage in Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

Inflammatory cells and synovial proliferation.

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18
Q

<h1>Page 03</h1>

<br></br>What are the clinical manifestations of Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

Joint pain, swelling, stiffness, fatigue.

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19
Q

<h1>Page 03</h1>

<br></br>How is Rheumatoid Arthritis diagnosed and treated?

A

Through physical examination, blood tests, imaging, and medications.

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20
Q

<h1>Page 04</h1>

<br></br>What type of cells are involved in the immune response in the synovial joint?

A

T cells and B cells.

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21
Q

<h1>Page 04</h1>

<br></br>Which cells are responsible for producing antibodies in the synovial joint?

A

Plasma cells.

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22
Q

<h1>Page 04</h1>

<br></br>What is the role of T cells in the circulation of the synovial joint?

A

Participating in the immune response.

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23
Q

<h1>Page 05</h1>

<br></br>What are the types of T Cells mentioned in the slide?

A

Interleukin 17 and Interferon-ɣ.

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24
Q

<h1>Page 05</h1>

<br></br>Which cells release TNF-α, Interleukin 1, and Interleukin 6?

A

Macrophages.

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25
Q

<h1>Page 05</h1>

<br></br>What are the key cytokines involved in the immune response mentioned in the slide?

A

TNF-α, Interleukin 1, and Interleukin 6.

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26
Q

<h1>Page 06</h1>

<br></br>What is the process of synovial cells multiplying called?

A

Proliferation.

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27
Q

<h1>Page 06</h1>

<br></br>What is the term for the abnormal tissue growth in the joints in rheumatoid arthritis?

A

Pannus.

28
Q

<h1>Page 06</h1>

<br></br>Which type of cells are involved in the abnormal tissue growth in the joints?

A

Fibroblasts and Myofibroblasts.

29
Q

<h1>Page 06</h1>

<br></br>What type of cells are involved in the inflammation process in rheumatoid arthritis?

A

Inflammatory cells.

30
Q

<h1>Page 07</h1>

<br></br>What is the focus of Potential Therapeutic Targets for Reducing Joint Damage in Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

Identifying targets for reducing joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis.

31
Q

<h1>Page 08</h1>

<br></br>What are the names of the cytokines mentioned in the slide?

A

TNF-α, Interleukin 1, Interleukin 6.

32
Q

<h1>Page 08</h1>

<br></br>Which cells are involved in the breakdown of bone?

A

Osteoclasts.

33
Q

<h1>Page 08</h1>

<br></br>What is the role of T Cells in this context?

A

Not mentioned in the provided content.

34
Q

<h1>Page 08</h1>

<br></br>What are the functions of RANKL and RANK?

A

Not mentioned in the provided content.

35
Q

<h1>Page 09</h1>

<br></br>What is the role of T Cells in the synovial joint circulation?

A

They are involved in promoting joint inflammation and injury.

36
Q

<h1>Page 09</h1>

<br></br>What type of antibody is Rheumatoid Factor (RF)?

A

IgM antibody.

37
Q

<h1>Page 09</h1>

<br></br>What does Rheumatoid Factor (RF) target?

A

Altered IgG.

38
Q

<h1>Page 09</h1>

<br></br>What is the target of Anti-CCP antibodies?

A

Citrullinated proteins.

39
Q

<h1>Page 09</h1>

<br></br>What do immune complexes promote in the joints?

A

Inflammation and injury.

40
Q

<h1>Page 10</h1>

<br></br>What happens to cells in the synovium?

A

Cells proliferate.

41
Q

<h1>Page 10</h1>

<br></br>What invades the tissue in the synovium?

A

Pannus.

42
Q

<h1>Page 10</h1>

<br></br>What occurs in the synovial fluid?

A

Infiltration of inflammatory cells and angiogenesis.

43
Q

<h1>Page 10</h1>

<br></br>What happens to the cartilage?

A

Breakdown.

44
Q

<h1>Page 10</h1>

<br></br>What increases in the bone?

A

Osteoclasts.

45
Q

<h1>Page 11</h1>

<br></br>What are the common joints affected in Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

Metacarpo-phalangeal (MCP) and Proximal-interphalangeal (PIP) joints.

46
Q

<h1>Page 11</h1>

<br></br>Which joints are commonly affected in the disease progression of Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

Wrist, knees, and elbows.

47
Q

<h1>Page 11</h1>

<br></br>What are the symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the joints?

A

Swollen, red & warm, painful, joint stiffness, decreased range of motion, rigidity & bony ankylosis.

48
Q

<h1>Page 12</h1>

<br></br>What are the symptoms of clinical manifestations in Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

Swollen, red & warm, painful, joint stiffness, decreased range of motion, rigidity & bony ankylosis.

49
Q

<h1>Page 13</h1>

<br></br>What is the topic of slide 17 from the University of Adelaide?

A

Unfortunately, the content of slide 17 from the University of Adelaide is not provided. Therefore, flashcards cannot be generated.

50
Q

<h1>Page 14</h1>

<br></br>What are extra-articular manifestations of Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

Extra-articular manifestations of Rheumatoid Arthritis can affect various organs and systems, including the skin, eyes, lungs, heart, and blood vessels.

51
Q

<h1>Page 15</h1>

<br></br>What are some systemic manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis?

A

Fever, fatigue, muscle weakness, low appetite, and rheumatoid nodules.

52
Q

<h1>Page 16</h1>

<br></br>What are the common diagnostic tests for Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

Blood tests, imaging tests (X-rays, ultrasounds), and physical examination.

53
Q

<h1>Page 16</h1>

<br></br>What are the goals of treatment for Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

To reduce inflammation, relieve symptoms, prevent joint and organ damage, improve physical function, and overall well-being.

54
Q

<h1>Page 16</h1>

<br></br>What are the main categories of medications used to treat Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), biologic response modifiers, and corticosteroids.

55
Q

<h1>Page 16</h1>

<br></br>What is the role of physical and occupational therapy in the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

To improve joint function, reduce pain, and increase the ability to perform daily activities.

56
Q

<h1>Page 17</h1>

<br></br>What are the clinical assessment criteria for diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis?

A

> 3 joints, symmetrical involvement, morning stiffness > 30 minutes.

57
Q

<h1>Page 17</h1>

<br></br>Which blood tests are commonly used in diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis?

A

C-reactive protein (CRP), Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), Rheumatoid Factor (RF), Anti-Cyclic citrullinated peptide (Anti-CCP).

58
Q

<h1>Page 17</h1>

<br></br>What are the typical findings in an X-ray of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis?

A

Decreased bone density, soft tissue swelling, bony erosions, narrowing of joint space.

59
Q

<h1>Page 18</h1>

<br></br>What are the therapeutic goals for treating Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

To slow down the progression of joint destruction and reduce pain/disability.

60
Q

<h1>Page 18</h1>

<br></br>Is there a cure available for Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

No, there is no available cure.

61
Q

<h1>Page 18</h1>

<br></br>What are examples of Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs)?

A

Methotrexate and Sulphasalazine.

62
Q

<h1>Page 18</h1>

<br></br>What do Biologic DMARDs do?

A

They inhibit TNF-α and are more specific.

63
Q

<h1>Page 20</h1>

<br></br>What are the possible causes of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

A

Genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and immune system dysfunction.

64
Q

<h1>Page 20</h1>

<br></br>What cellular and mediator events contribute to the pathogenesis of RA?

A

Inflammatory cells and cytokines such as TNF-α, Interleukin 1, and Interleukin 6.

65
Q

<h1>Page 20</h1>

<br></br>What are rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs)?

A

They are autoantibodies that contribute to the pathogenesis of RA.

66
Q

<h1>Page 20</h1>

<br></br>What are some possible clinical manifestations of RA?

A

Joint pain, swelling, stiffness, and fatigue.

67
Q

<h1>Page 20</h1>

<br></br>How do the causes, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations of osteoarthritis (OA) differ from rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

A

OA is primarily due to wear and tear on the joints, while RA is an autoimmune disorder. RA involves systemic inflammation and affects multiple joints, while OA is more localized.

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