NUR 372 EXAM 1 MEDICATIONS

Question 1

CLASS: METOPROLOL

Answer 1

• beta adrenergic blocker

Question 2

EXPECTED PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION: METOPROLOL

Answer 2

• inhibits stimulation of beta-1 receptor sites, located mainly in the heart, resulting in decreased cardiac excitability, cardiac output, and myocardial oxygen demand

Question 3

THERAPEUTIC USE: METOPROLOL

Answer 3

• hypertension
• angina
• decrease mortality after MI
• cardiac dysrhythmias
• heart failure

Question 4

ADVERSE EFFECTS: METOPROLOL

Answer 4

• bradycardia
• hypotension
• heart failure (SOB, edema, cough)
• rebound excitation (angina pain, MI w/ sudden withdrawal)
• bronchospasm

Question 5

NURSING INTERVENTIONS: METOPROLOL

Answer 5

• check BP and HR within 1 hr. of giving medication
• report HR of < 60 BPM
• always take apical HR
• assess for SOB, rales
• teach patient to not stop drug abruptly

Question 6

CLIENT EDUCATION: METOPROLOL

Answer 6

• rise slowly from bed
• report bradycardia
• report vertigo
• report SOB, edema, cough at night
• never crush extended release
• report increase in angina or new chest pain
• do not stop taking drug abruptly

Question 7

EVALUATION OF MEDICATION EFFECTIVENESS: METOPROLOL

Answer 7

• subjective: denies chest pain, SOB, headache, dizziness

- objective: BP w/in normal limits

Question 8

CLASS: LISINOPRIL

Answer 8

• ace inhibitor

Question 9

EXPECTED PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION: LISINOPRIL

Answer 9

• blocks conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II (a potent vasoconstrictor), thus lowering blood pressure

Question 10

THERAPEUTIC USE: LISINOPRIL

Answer 10

• hypertension
• HF
• decrease mortality and decrease risk of HF and left ventricular dysfunction after MI
• diabetic and non diabetic neuropathy

Question 11

ADVERSE EFFECTS: LISINOPRIL

Answer 11

• hypotension
• cough
• hyperkalemia
• rash and dysgeusia
• angioedema
• neutropenia

Question 12

NURSING INTERVENTIONS: LISINOPRIL

Answer 12

• assess BP for at least 2 hours after first dose
• notify provider of cough, rash, or indications of infection
• assess for angioedema

Question 13

CLIENT EDUCATION: LISINOPRIL

Answer 13

• take meds 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals
• report any new cough
• do not change positions quickly
• avoid activities that require alertness
• report any swelling of face lips, eyes, tongue or SOB

Question 14

EVALUATION OF MEDICATION EFFECTIVENESS: LISINOPRIL

Answer 14

• subjective: denies chest pain, SOB, headache, dizziness

- objective: BP w/in normal limits

Question 15

CLASS: METRONIDAZOLE

Answer 15

• antiprotozoal

Question 16

EXPECTED PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION: METRONIDAZOLE

Answer 16

• broad-spectrum antimicrobial with bactericidal activity against anaerobic microorgansisms, inhibiting DNA synthesis causing cell death

Question 17

THERAPEUTIC USE: METRONIDAZOLE

Answer 17

• protozoal infections (intestinal amebiasis, giardiasis)
• prophylaxis for clients who have surgical procedures and are at high-risk for anaerobic infection
• treatment of h. pylori in combination w/ tetracycline and bismuth for peptic ulcer disease

Question 18

ADVERSE EFFECTS: METRONIDAZOLE

Answer 18

• GI discomfort (N/V, dry mouth, metallic taste)
• darkening of urine
• headache
• insomnia
• pseudomembranous colitis

Question 19

NURSING INTERVENTIONS: METRONIDAZOLE

Answer 19

• complete prescribed course of therapy
• use condoms if using this med to treat trichomoniasis
• no ETHO 24-72 hours, may cause severe disulfiram reaction (chest pain, tachycardia, change in BP)

Question 20

CLIENT EDUCATION: METRONIDAZOLE

Answer 20

• urine may be darker
• take full course of medication
• no ETHO 24-72 hours, may cause severe disulfiram reaction (chest pain, tachycardia, change in BP)

Question 21

CLASS: ATORVASTATIN

Answer 21

• statin

Question 22

EXPECTED PHARMACOLOGICAL ATCION: ATORVASTATIN

Answer 22

• decrease manufacture of LDL and VLDL cholesterol

- increase manufacture of HDL

Question 23

THERAPEUTIC USES: ATORVASTATIN

Answer 23

• primary hypercholesterolemia
• prevention of coronary events
• protection against MI and stroke for patients who have DM
• increasing HDL levels
• primary prevention in clients who have normal LDL

Question 24

ADVERSE EFFECTS: ATORVASTATIN

Answer 24

• rash
• alopecia
• liver dysfunction
• muscle weakness
• headache

Question 25

NURSING INTERVENTIONS: ATORVASTATIN

Answer 25

• dietary teaching regarding diet
• monitoring cholesterol levels
• monitoring liver profiles every 6 months
• monitor and report muscle pain
• take at night
• should not be taken with grapefruit juice