NUR 372 EXAM 1 MEDICATIONS Flashcards
CLASS: METOPROLOL
- beta adrenergic blocker
EXPECTED PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION: METOPROLOL
- inhibits stimulation of beta-1 receptor sites, located mainly in the heart, resulting in decreased cardiac excitability, cardiac output, and myocardial oxygen demand
THERAPEUTIC USE: METOPROLOL
- hypertension
- angina
- decrease mortality after MI
- cardiac dysrhythmias
- heart failure
ADVERSE EFFECTS: METOPROLOL
- bradycardia
- hypotension
- heart failure (SOB, edema, cough)
- rebound excitation (angina pain, MI w/ sudden withdrawal)
- bronchospasm
NURSING INTERVENTIONS: METOPROLOL
- check BP and HR within 1 hr. of giving medication
- report HR of < 60 BPM
- always take apical HR
- assess for SOB, rales
- teach patient to not stop drug abruptly
CLIENT EDUCATION: METOPROLOL
- rise slowly from bed
- report bradycardia
- report vertigo
- report SOB, edema, cough at night
- never crush extended release
- report increase in angina or new chest pain
- do not stop taking drug abruptly
EVALUATION OF MEDICATION EFFECTIVENESS: METOPROLOL
- subjective: denies chest pain, SOB, headache, dizziness
- objective: BP w/in normal limits
CLASS: LISINOPRIL
- ace inhibitor
EXPECTED PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION: LISINOPRIL
- blocks conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II (a potent vasoconstrictor), thus lowering blood pressure
THERAPEUTIC USE: LISINOPRIL
- hypertension
- HF
- decrease mortality and decrease risk of HF and left ventricular dysfunction after MI
- diabetic and non diabetic neuropathy
ADVERSE EFFECTS: LISINOPRIL
- hypotension
- cough
- hyperkalemia
- rash and dysgeusia
- angioedema
- neutropenia
NURSING INTERVENTIONS: LISINOPRIL
- assess BP for at least 2 hours after first dose
- notify provider of cough, rash, or indications of infection
- assess for angioedema
CLIENT EDUCATION: LISINOPRIL
- take meds 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals
- report any new cough
- do not change positions quickly
- avoid activities that require alertness
- report any swelling of face lips, eyes, tongue or SOB
EVALUATION OF MEDICATION EFFECTIVENESS: LISINOPRIL
- subjective: denies chest pain, SOB, headache, dizziness
- objective: BP w/in normal limits
CLASS: METRONIDAZOLE
- antiprotozoal
EXPECTED PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION: METRONIDAZOLE
- broad-spectrum antimicrobial with bactericidal activity against anaerobic microorgansisms, inhibiting DNA synthesis causing cell death
THERAPEUTIC USE: METRONIDAZOLE
- protozoal infections (intestinal amebiasis, giardiasis)
- prophylaxis for clients who have surgical procedures and are at high-risk for anaerobic infection
- treatment of h. pylori in combination w/ tetracycline and bismuth for peptic ulcer disease
ADVERSE EFFECTS: METRONIDAZOLE
- GI discomfort (N/V, dry mouth, metallic taste)
- darkening of urine
- headache
- insomnia
- pseudomembranous colitis
NURSING INTERVENTIONS: METRONIDAZOLE
- complete prescribed course of therapy
- use condoms if using this med to treat trichomoniasis
- no ETHO 24-72 hours, may cause severe disulfiram reaction (chest pain, tachycardia, change in BP)
CLIENT EDUCATION: METRONIDAZOLE
- urine may be darker
- take full course of medication
- no ETHO 24-72 hours, may cause severe disulfiram reaction (chest pain, tachycardia, change in BP)
CLASS: ATORVASTATIN
- statin
EXPECTED PHARMACOLOGICAL ATCION: ATORVASTATIN
- decrease manufacture of LDL and VLDL cholesterol
- increase manufacture of HDL
THERAPEUTIC USES: ATORVASTATIN
- primary hypercholesterolemia
- prevention of coronary events
- protection against MI and stroke for patients who have DM
- increasing HDL levels
- primary prevention in clients who have normal LDL
ADVERSE EFFECTS: ATORVASTATIN
- rash
- alopecia
- liver dysfunction
- muscle weakness
- headache
NURSING INTERVENTIONS: ATORVASTATIN
- dietary teaching regarding diet
- monitoring cholesterol levels
- monitoring liver profiles every 6 months
- monitor and report muscle pain
- take at night
- should not be taken with grapefruit juice
