Nur 181 Unit 1 Flashcards
Skeletal system
The framework of bones the joints between them and cartilage that protect our Organs and allow us to move. Supporting the soft tissue of the body maintains body form and posture. Protecting crucial component of the body brain lung heart and spinal cord. Furnishing surface for the attachment of muscle tendons and ligaments. Providing storage area for minerals such as calcium and fat. Produce blood cells - hematopoiesis. 206 bones
Carliaginous
Movement - slight (amphiarthrosis), material between bone - cartilage, ex - vertebrae
Synovial
Movement - freely, material between- synovial fluid, ex - ball and socket joint.
Fibrous
Movement - immovable, material between bone- connective tissues, ex - suture of skull bone
Freely moveable joint
Ball and socket joint. Condyloid joint. Gliding joint. Hinge joint. Pivot joint. Saddle joint.
Diarthodial joint
Abduction ad duction flexion extension and rotation
Special movement of the forearm ankle and clavicle
Supination pronation inversion eversion
Thumb
The only joint that can perform opposition
Abduction
Lateral movement of the body part away from the midline
Add duction
Lateral movement of the body part toward the midline
Circumduction
Turning in a circular motion
Flexion
The state of being bent
Extension
The state of being in a straight line
Hyper extension
The state of exaggerated extension
Dorsiflexion
Backward bending of the hand or foot
Plantar flexion
Flexion of the foot
Rotation
Turning on axis
Internal rotation
A body part turning on its axis toward the midline
External rotation
A body part turning on on its axis away from the midline
Pronation
The assumption of the prone position example when the forearm is turn so that the palm facing downwards
Supination
Palm up
Inversion
Move-in of the soul of the foot in word
E version
Movement of the soul of the foot outward
Apposition
Movement of the thumb across the palm to touch each finger tip of the same hand
Ligaments
Fibrous band of connective tissue that binds joints together and connect bone and cartilage
Tendon
Strong flexible in elastic Fibrous bands and flatten sheets of connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone
cartilage
Hard nonvascular connective tissue found in the joint as well as the nose ear thoraxTrachea and Larynx. Function as a shock absorber and provide a smooth surface that reduce friction between the moving parts of the joint
Muscular system
Composed of three type of muscle skeletal cardiac and smooth or visceral muscle
Cardiac muscle
The bulk of the heart and produce the contraction that create the heartbeat
Skeletal muscle
Work with tendons and bones to move the body
Smooth muscle
Form the wall the hollow organs such as stomach and intestine and is In the wall of blood vessel and other hollow tube that connects internal organ
Good posture or proper body alignment
The alignment of body parts that permits at the mall muscle skeletal balance and operation and promote healthy Physiologic functioning.
Balance
A body in correct alignment. And object is balance when it center of gravity is close to its base of support the lineup gravity goes through the base of support and the object has a wide base of support
Center of gravity
The point at which the mass is center. On a person this is located in the center of the pElvis About midway between the umbilicus and pubis
Line of gravity
A vertical line that passes through the center of gravity
Base of support
The foundation that provides for an object stability
Coordinated body movement
The ability of muscle to work together for purposeful movement using major in stronger muscle group rather than weaker one and taken advantage of the body natural lever and fulcrum.
Postural reflexes
Are the group of reflexes that maintain body posture and equilibrium it is an Autonomic movement
Postural tonus
The sustained contraction of select skeletal muscle that keep the body in an upright position against the force of gravity. Labyrinthine- ear, proprioreptor- limb location, optic- visual spatial, stretch - stretch beyond a point.
Body mechanics
The use of proper body position to provide protection from the stress of movement and activity
Patient care Ergonomics
The practice of designing equipment and work tasks to conform to the capability of the worker in relation to patient care
Tonus
The state of slight contraction. A patient who is on complete bed rest is in danger of losing muscle tonus.
Contractures
Permanent contraction of a muscle.Pro long bed rest patient
hemiparesis
Muscle weakness Of 1/2 of the body
Hemiplegia
Paralysis of 1/2 of the body
Paraplegia
Paralysis of the legs
Quadriplegia
Paralysis of the arm and legs
Paresis
Impair muscle strength or weakness
Paraparesis
Muscle weakness of the legs
Contracture
Permanent shortening of a muscle
