NUR 118 - Week 10 Support - Cardiac Flashcards
List 4 Factors that Affect Circulation
AGE
STRESS
MEDICATIONS
LIFETYLES
CARDIOVASCULAR ABNORMALITIES
CAD (Coronary Artery Disease)
Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD):
Definition and S&S
Patient has poor blood flow, thus poor oxygen delivery, from heart to peripheral arms & legs
Cyanosis
Weak/absent peripheral pulse
Cool
Paresthesia
Non-healing wounds on toes, feet
Intermittent Claudication - Pain in legs with exercise, even walking, relieved w/ rest; tissue is ischemic
Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD):
Nursing Interventions
-Keep legs down in dependent position (gravity)
-Regular exercise
-Diet
-Weight loss
-If pt has intermittent claudication, have them sit and rest
Peripheral Venous Disease:
Definition and S&S
PVD: Damaged/blocked veins that carry blood from hands and feet back to the heart
s/s:
Edema
Varicose
Brownish-red discoloration on legs
Ulcers
Peripheral Venous Disease:
Nursing Interventions
Promote venous return:
-Encourage patient to ambulate (leg muscle contraction)
-Have patient elevate legs
-Don’t cross legs
-Compression stockings
THE S1 & S2 HEART SOUNDS ARE FROM WHAT
CLOSURE OF THE ATRIOVENTRICULAR & SEMILUNAR VALVES
What is considered the pacemaker of the heart?
Sinoatrial node
What are cardiac function changes that occur with older adults
thicker & ridged heart valves
decreased myocardial strength
decreased elasticity of peripheral vessels
Decreased pulse strength
Which blood test is used to indicate inflammatory illness and potentially predict coronary events
c-reactive protein
The blood test used to diagnosis a myocardial infarction & muscle damage
CK-MB
Blood test used to identify & treat CHF patients
BNP
A noninvasive ultrasound test that evaluates heart structure, function, blood flow, cardiac output, & ejection fraction.
ECHOcardiogram
Pain in legs with exercise- associated with PAD is called?
intermittent claudication
What are the tests you must monitor if your patient is on an anticoagulant
PTT
APTT
INR
