NUR 118 - LECTURE 12 - IV THERAPY

Question 1

LECTURE OBJECTIVE

Define peripheral intravenous (IV) therapy​

Answer 1

Pros:
Good for brief therapy
Access site must be replaced every 72 hrs

Cons:
Not good for long term therapy
Cannot infuse highly irritating or hyperosmolar solutions
Fragile, dislodges easily

Question 2

LECTURE OBJECTIVE

List possible complications of IV therapy and nursing interventions​

Answer 2

Any complication: Stop, remove IV and start new one

Infiltration - IV fluids leaks into tissue; STOP IV & ELEVATE ARM​

Phlebitis - Inflammation of the vein = infection; STOP IV & COLD COMPRESS - CHECK CIRCULATION​

Thrombophlebitis - Thrombus (Clot) and inflammation; STOP IV - WARM COMPRESS​

Infection - Local contamination; STOP - STERILE DRESSING - ABT?​

Extravasation - Seepage of vesicant into tissue d/t Cath dislodge; STOP ASAP - COLD COMPRESS - ANTIDOTE?

Question 3

LECTURE OBJECTIVE

List types of central IV therapy ​

Answer 3

Central Venous Catheters:
Subclavian
Jugular
Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters (PICC)
Tunneled Central Venous Catheter
Mediport/Portacath/Huber needle

Question 4

LECTURE OBJECTIVE

List indications for the transfusion of blood products​

Question 5

LECTURE OBJECTIVE

State time limitations for a blood transfusion​

Answer 5

Must be initiated within ½ hour of release from blood bank​

Must be infused: in not less that 2 hours, not more than 4 hours​

Stay with patient for first 15 minutes & retake the vital signs

Blood must be checked and signed by 2 nurses ​

Can only be hung with 0.9% Normal Saline

Question 6

What are the different blood products?

Answer 6

Whole blood = Rbc, Wbc, platelets + Plasma
Packed Red Blood cells: No plasma
Platelets
Plasma

Question 7

LECTURE OBJECTIVE

Describe 5 types of blood transfusion reactions and the nursing interventions​

Answer 7

Interventions:

Question 8

Describe Hemolytic reaction and intervention

Answer 8

Stop infusion
Replace with saline line
Call PCP
Initiate hemolytic reaction protocol

Question 9

Describe Circulatory overload reaction and intervention

Answer 9

Slow Transfusion
Notify PCP
May need to give furosemide

Question 10

Which type of solution do you give to someone dehydrated?

Answer 10

Isotonic
- Same osmolarity as blood

Question 11

Describe
Allergic reaction and interventions

Answer 11

Allergic: mild: antihistamine – severe: anaphylaxis: epinephrine​

Question 12

Describe Febrile reaction and interventions

Answer 12

Febrile: treat symptoms, acetaminophen​

Question 13

Bacterial reaction and interventions

Answer 13

Bacterial: treat symptoms, antibiotics