NUR 118 Lect. Lecture 6 - Mobility Flashcards
number of bones in body
206
What are good body mechanics we will use in Nursing practice?
-Use proper alignment = Proper posture for neutral spine
-Have a wide base of support = Balance
-Avoid bending and twisting
-Squat to lift
-Keep objects close when lifting
-Raise bed to waist height
-Push versus lift
-Get help!
-We should also teach this to our patients and families
Definition of joint
Where 2 bones come together
Define cartilage
Connective tissue, acts as cushion
Define ligament
Fibrous tissue that connects most movable joints
Define tendons
Fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone
What is the goal of ROM? (Immobility)
Keep body in best possible physical condition when bedrest needed, or if immobile
Improve joint mobility & Prevent Contractures
Increase circulation
Maintain function
Difference between AROM vs PROM
Active Range of Motion AROM
-Done by patient WITHOUT ASSISTANCE
-Often in rehabilitation as pt recovering from illness, injury, surgery
Passive Range of Motion PROM
-Intervention to prevent complication of disuse & promote joint mobility
-Prevents contractures, muscle atrophy
-Done by another person for patient BECAUSE THEY CAN NOT DO IT THEMSELVES
What are some factors that affect activity & mobility?
Age - developmental stage
Cognitive Status
Nutrition
Lifestyle - active or inactive
Stress - Tighter muscles
Respiratory/circulatory disorders - fatigue, bed rest
Define Atrophy
a decrease in the size of muscle tissue due to lack of use or loss of innervation
Define Clonus
spasmodic contraction of opposing muscles resulting in tremors
Flaccidity
A decrease or absence of muscle tone
Define hemiplegia
Paralysis of one side of the body
Define hypertrophy
Increase in size of muscle or organ
Define paraplegia
Paralysis of the lower portion of the trunk and both legs
Define paresis
Partial or incomplete paralysis
Define paresthesia
numbness, tingling, or burning due to injury of nerve(s) innervating affected area