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Biochemistry > Nucleotides > Flashcards

Nucleotides Flashcards

1
Q

Nucleotide

A

component of DNA and RNA and coenzymes

carriers of activated intermediates

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2
Q

Purines

A

Adenine and Guanine

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3
Q

Pyrimidines

A

Cytosine, Thymine, Uracil

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4
Q

Nucleoside

A

Nitrogenous Base + sugar

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5
Q

Nucleotide

A

Nucleoside + 1-3 phosphate group

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6
Q

Where does Ribose 5-P come from for purine synthesis?

A

HMP shunt

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7
Q

PRPP Synthetase

A

catalyzes formation of PRPP in purine synthesis

attaches PRPP to C1

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8
Q

Activator of PRPP Synthetase

A

Inorganic phosphate

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9
Q

Inhibitor of PRPP Synthetase

A

purine ribonucleotides

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10
Q

PRPP Amidotransferase

A

rate limiting step of purine synthesis

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11
Q

PRPP Amidotransferase Activators

A

PRPP (substrate)

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12
Q

PRPP Amidotransferase Inhibitors

A

purine nucleotides (end products)

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13
Q

Methotrexate

A

folic acid analog; anti-tumor drug

inhibits dihydrofolate reductase- inhibits nucleotide synthesis and rapidly dividing cells

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14
Q

Sulfonamides

A

inhibit bacterial production of folic acid

Antibiotic

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15
Q

CPS II

A

rate limiting step of pyrimidine synthesis

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16
Q

Activator of CPS II

A

PRPP

17
Q

Inhibitor of CPS II

A

UTP (end product)

18
Q

AA in nucleotides of pyrimidines

A

glutamine and aspartate

19
Q

Ribonucleotide Reductase

A

converts ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides

20
Q

Hydroxyurea

A

anti-tumor drug that inhibits ribonucleotide reductase

21
Q

Thymidylate Synthase

A

converts dUMP to dTMP

22
Q

Inhibitors of thymidylate synthase

A

5-fluorouracil

23
Q

Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency

A

one cause of severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID)

24
Q

Xanthine Oxidase

A

produces uric acid from xanthine

25
Q

Gout

A

hyperuricemia- high levels of uric acid in blood

accumulates uric acid crystals in joints

26
Q

Causes of Gout

A

underexcretion of uric acid because of
poor kidney function, acid base imbalance, certain drugs
overproduction of uric acid

27
Q

Lesch Nyhan Syndrome

A

deficiency of purine salvage pathway from defect of HGPRT

extreme hyperuricemia

Biochemistry (14 decks)

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