nucleic acids Flashcards
3 parts of nucleotides
phosphate group
pentose sugar
nitrogenous base
how to easily idenitfy ATP
has 3 phosphate groups
whats the role of ATP
The short term energy store of the cell
what is ATP known as
energy currency
why is ATP known as energy currency
because it picks up energy from food in respiration and passes it on to a power cell processes
3 ways ATP can be made
Photophosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation
Substrate level phosphorylation
when does Photophosphorylation happen
during photosynthesis
when does Oxidative phosphorylation
happen
Occurs in the mitochondrion during aerobic respiration
when does Substrate level phosphorylation happen
when phosphate comes from a donor molecule
baisic baisic how does ATP release energy
breaks one of the 2 bonds between the phosphate groups
how is ATP hydrolysesed
ATPase
is hydrolysis of ATP a reversible reaction
yes
what is ATP hydrolysesd to
ADP
adneine diphosphate
whats good baout the bonds ATP breaks to go to ADP
easily broken
low activation energy
bonds between the phosphate groups and the adenosine are unstable
When broken, a considerable amount of energy is released
how is energy released form ATP
when ATPase breaks bond between middle + terminal phosphate group
hydrolysis reaction
Uses of ATP
Metabolic processes (e.g. DNA synthesis from nucleotides)
Active transport
Muscle contraction
Nerve transmission
Secretion (endocytosis & exocytosis)
advantage of ATP
Instant source of energy in the cell
Releases energy in small amounts as needed
It is mobile and transports chemical energy to where it is needed in the cell
Universal energy carrier and can be used in many different chemical reactions
whats annoyign about ATP
can’t be stored
how does ATP look like
3 phosphate
1 base
2 adenine blobs (one 6 sides, one 5)
