nucleic acid

Question 1

what are deoxyriboses whithin DNA linked by?

Answer 1

phosphodiester bridges

Question 2

To which carbon in a DNA molecule does the sugar join to?

Answer 2

3

Question 3

To which carbon in a DNA molecule does the phosphate group join to?

Answer 3

5

Question 4

where is RNA mainly found?

Answer 4

cytoplasm

Question 5

how does RNA differ from DNA?

Answer 5

. uracil replaces thymine
. ribose sugar replaces deoxyribose sugar
. single stranded

Question 6

in which way may base pairing in an RNA molecule occur

Answer 6

by the formation of a hairpin loop

Question 7

name the 3 types of RNA

Answer 7

tRNA, rRNA, mRNA

Question 8

what is the amino acid sequence of each gene determined by?

Answer 8

the nucleotide sequence of the corresponding gene

Question 9

what is the genome?

Answer 9

the whole genetic info within a single cell nucleus

Question 10

describe the process of transcription

Answer 10

. in nucleus, DNA unfolds (h bonds split) to expose base pairs of template strand
. RNA polymerase copies sequemce of bases in template strand of DNA to produce mRNA

Question 11

describe the process of translation

Answer 11

. ribosome binds to mRNA
. ribosome starts matching tRNA’s anticodon sequences to mRNA’s codon sequences
. each time a new tRNA molecule comes into the ribosome, the amino acid that it carries gets added to the growing polypeptide chain
. stop codon means ribosome releases polypeptide

Question 12

how many amino acids exist?

Answer 12

20

Question 13

what is the start codon?

Answer 13

met (AUG)