Intro To Cells

Question 1

Cell membrane function?

Answer 1

. Semipermeable barrier between cytoplasm and extracellular environment
. Allows diffusion osmosis etc
. Allows communication between cells

Question 2

Structure of cell membrane?

Answer 2

Structure:
. Phospholipid bilayer( polar head)
. Protein molecules
. Cholesterol

Question 3

Structure and function of nucleus?

Answer 3

Function:
. Retain most nucleus acids
. DNA restricted to nucleus
. Ribosomes constricted (nucleolus)
. Site of transcription

Structure:
. Nuclear envelop double membranes (allow RNA to pass)

Question 4

Role of ribosomes ?

Answer 4

Function:

. Facilitate protein translation

Question 5

Function of endoplasmic reticulum smooth and rough

Answer 5

Smooth:
. Manufacture of lipids and detox stop

Rough
. Protein modification and production

Question 6

Golgi apparatus function

Answer 6

Function:
. Only corrected proteins move from ER to Golgi
. Further modified, processes and packages proteins before they are transported via vesicles

Question 7

Function of vacuoles, vesicles and lysosomes?

Answer 7

Vacuoles:
. Storage compartments
. Single membrane
. Formed by fusions of vesicles

Vesicles:
. Transport within to outside cell

Lysosomes:
. Large vesicles formed by Golgi
. Hydrolytic enzymes that destroy cells
. Breakdown extra cellular material

Question 8

Mitochondria structure and function

Answer 8

Function:
. Contain own DNA
. Site of energy release

Structure:
. 2 membranes
. Outer (smooth seive)
. Inner (cristea)

Question 9

Function of cytoplasm?

Answer 9

. Non static
. Cytosol- fluid organelles
. Contains fibrous proteins know as cytoskeleton

Question 10

Functions and components of cytoskeleton?

Answer 10

Function:
. Gives cell shape + allows it to move
. Anchors organelles and allows them to move

Components:
. Microtubules
. Microfilament
. Intermediate filaments