Nucleic acid

Question 1

what is DNA?

Answer 1

deoxyribonucleic acid and it stores genetic info

Question 2

What is RNA?

Answer 2

ribonucleic acid which transfers genetic info from the DNA to the ribosomes

Question 3

what is the basic structure of all Nucleotides?

Answer 3

one phosphate group, pentose sugar, nitrogenous base

Question 4

what is the pentose sugar in DNA?

Answer 4

pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose.

Question 5

what is the pentose sugar in RNA called?

Answer 5

Ribose

Question 6

what are the three nitrogenous bases in DNA and RNA?

Answer 6

Cystonine, guanine, adenine.

Question 7

what does DNA also contain?

Answer 7

Thymine

Question 8

what does RNA also contain?

Answer 8

Urcail

Question 9

what is the difference between the structure of RNA and DNA?

Answer 9

1. RNA forms a single helix whereas DNA forms a double helix.
2. RNA has one strand whereas DNA has two strands.
3. RNA has a ribose pentose sugar whereas DNA has a deoxyribose pentose sugar
4. RNA contains urcail whereas DNA contains thymine

Question 10

how are the adjacent nucleotides in helixs held togethere?

Answer 10

by phosphodiester bonds

Question 11

how is the structure of DNA?

Answer 11

its antiparallel - the strands run in opposite directions

Question 12

how is DNA double helix?

Answer 12

due to hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs.

Question 13

what does adenine pair with in DNA?

Answer 13

thymine

Question 14

what does cystonine pair with?

Answer 14

Guanine

Question 15

what are the types of RNA?

Answer 15

MRNA (messenger)
TRNA (transfer)
RRNA (ribosomal - used to make ribosomes)

Question 16

what is the role of a stingle stranded DNA fragment?

Answer 16

acts as a template , determining the order of nucleotides

Question 17

what is the role of dna nucleotides?

Answer 17

is to form complementary base pairs (remember to be specific with answers)

Question 18

two scientist who discovered the model of DNA?

Answer 18

watson and crick

Question 19

two structures of dna and why are they important to semi-conservative replication?

Answer 19

• weak easily broken hydrogen bonds (by dna helicase)
• complementary base pairing allows for accurate replication

Question 20

why can nucleotides only be added in a 5’ to 3’ direction?

Answer 20

• DNA polymerase is specific, only complementary can bind to 5’ ends, 5’ ends and 3’ ends differ

Question 21

Differences between the structure of ATP and DNA?

Answer 21

• DNA has one phosphate group whereas ATP has three.
• DNA has a deoxyribose sugar whereas ATP has a ribose sugar.