factors affecting enzymes Flashcards
how do you get the rate of an enzyme reaction?
measuring how quickly the product is made or the substrate is used
How do you calculate the rate of reaction froma graph?
determing the gradient of the curve
Gradient= change in y/ change in x
what are the six factors affecting the rate of enzyme activity?
temperature, PH, enzyme concentraton, substarte concentration, inhibitors, activators.
Difference between succesful and unsusccesful collision?
succesful collision ( can form a enzyme-substrate complex), unsuccesful (cannot form a enzyme-substrate complex)
how does the initial increase in temp affect the amount of ESC formed?
As temp increases, the rate will also increase (more particles have more kinetic energy). means there’s more succesful collisions. more enzyme-substrate complex form.
How do optimum temp or ph affect the amount of ESC formed?
maimum rate at 40 degree or ph of 8 (is the optimum temp or ph). Is the max number of succesful collisions. Is the max number of enzyme-substrate complexes that can be formed.
how does going past the optimum temp or ph effect the amount of ESC formed?
temp/ ph movce away from the optimum, the rate decreases. Tertiary structure of active site starts to change. fewer succesful collisions/ substrate fit less easily. fewer ESC can form.
how does extreme temp/ph affect the amount of ESC formed?
too far from the optimum rate is zero. enzymes actuve site has denatured. No succesful collisions. No enzyme substrate complexes form.
what does an intitial increase in concentration on a graph mean for the amount of ESC formed?
increasing substrate/ enzyme concentration increases the rate of reaction. is more substrate to bind/more active site to bound. means there are more succesful collisions. more ESC formed.
what does increasing concentration and saturation point do for the reaction?
increasing concentration has no more effect on the rate. reached the saturation point/ something else is limiting the rate.
Either:
- Not enough substrate to fill the active site
- Not enough active site for substrate to bind to
what happens if there's not enough substrate to fill the actuve site?
substrate concentration islimiting
what happens if all active site are occupied?
the reaction has reached its saturation point
what happens if there’s not enough active site for substrate to bind to?
Enzyme concentration is limiting
