Nonparenteral Medication Administration Flashcards
Nonparenteral routes
PO Enteral/PT (per tube) SL Buccal Topical (skin, installation/mucous membranes) Inhalation
Buccal
Inside lip
Reassessment after administration
Systems involved
Effect/side effects
Patient perception
Advantages of oral administration
Easiest, most desirable
Slow onset, prolonged effect
Oral administration effects
Systemic
Local: GI
Risk of oral administration
Aspiration
Contraindications of oral administration
Dysphagia
GI alteration
Gastric decompression
Pre-administration assessment
GI, CV, liver, GU, system of action
Aspiration risk
Fluid restriction
Admin guidelines
Aspiration assessments
Swallow
Cough
Gag reflex
Unilateral weakness
Aspiration interventions
Admin when fully alert Self administration 90º position Flex neck, tuck chin One pill at a time Stronger side of mouth Thicken liquids, mix with food Avoid straws
Types of oral meds
Tablets (scored vs extended release)
Capsules
Liquid
Measuring liquids
Flat surface
Bottom of meniscus
NO parenteral syringes for enteral meds
Exact measuring device
Liquid meds aseptic technique
Place cap upside down
Mouth of bottle touches nothing
Do not pour back into bottle
Enteral administration
Esophagus, stomach, and small/large intestines
Enteral assessment
Systems
Aspiration risk
Tube patency, placement
Enteral administration
Use liquid meds
Flush with 15-30 mL before and after
3 risks of enteral administration
Aspiration
Clogged tube
Fluid overload
Enteral aspiration prevention
Monitor residual
HOB > 30º at all times
Clogged tube prevention
Liquid meds
Flush before and after
Enteral fluid overload prevention
Know fluid status restrictions
Minimum volume needed
Risks of topical administration
Irritation
Rebound effect
Absorption into nurse’s skin
Transdermal patch administration
Dosed per patch Wear gloves Document removal, location Alternate sites Label patch with date/time/initial
Ophthalmic drops administration
Install into conjunctiva, holding 1-2 cm above
Close eyes after administration
Press lightly on lacrimal duct after admin
Ophthalmic ointment administration
Apply thin layer from inner to outer cants of lower lid margin
Otic administration
Side lying position
Room temp medication
Pull up/out for adults
Pull down/back for <3 yrs
Otic assessment
Canal patency
Integrity of tympanic membrane
Drainage
Nasal assessment
Patency of nares
Mucous membranes of specific cavity
Nasal administration risk
Rebound effect (decongestants)
Inhalation administration assessment
Respiratory system
Ability to learn
Hand strength/coordination
Inhalation administration risks
Incomplete absorption due to incorrect administration
MDI
Metered dose inhaler
MDI inhalation technique
Shake inhaler 5-6 times Take deep breaths Hold inhaler in or 2-4 cm from mouth Inhale slowly while depressing canister Don't exhale for 10 seconds
Use spacer in order to
Increase amount that reaches lungs
Vaginal and rectal administration risks
Mucosal perforation
Types of vaginal topicals
Suppository
Foams
Creams
How far to administer rectal medications
Adults: 10 cm/4 inches
Children: 5 cm/2 inches
