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Fundamentals > Musculoskeletal > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Flashcards

1
Q

Musculoskeletal system requires

A

Intact nervous system
Intact muscle strength
Intact bone stability
Intact joint flexibility

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2
Q

Atrophy

A

Reduction in muscle size

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3
Q

Contracture

A

Shortening of muscles or tendons

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4
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Metabolic bone disease with decrease in quality and quantity of bone

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5
Q

Osteomalacia

A

Softening of bone from defective bone mineralization

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6
Q

Ankylosis

A

Stiffness of joints

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7
Q

Arthritis

A

Inflammation of joints

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8
Q

At-risk patients

A 
Immobile
Infant and child
Elderly
Fatigue
Malnutrition
Lack of motivation
Pain
Respiratory, neuro, muscular, or CVS disease
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9
Q

Myalgia

A

Muscle pain

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10
Q

Long term medications affecting musculoskeletal

A

Corticosteroids
Methotrexate
Phenytoin
Antacids

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11
Q

Nulliparous status

A

Never been pregnant

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12
Q

Races at risk for osteoporosis

A

Caucasian

Asian

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13
Q

Nutritional risks

A

Dieting
Calcium intake under 500mg per day
Thin/light body frame

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14
Q

Osteoporosis risks

A

Levels of estrogen, testosterone, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal
Low calcium, eating disorders, weight loss surgery
Long term steroid use
Alcohol, tobacco, sedentary

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15
Q

Poker spine

A

loss of normal curves

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16
Q

Kyphosis

A

Abnormal thoracic curve

17
Q

Lordosis

A

Abnormal lumbar curve

18
Q

Fasciculation

A

Twitching

19
Q

Condyloid

A

Wrist joint type

20
Q

Normal calcium levels

A

4.5-5.5 mEq/L

8-10 mg/dL

21
Q

Avoid valsalva effect by

A

Breathing out while moving

22
Q

Interventions for orthostatic hypotension

A

Ankle exercises
TED
Dangle legs prior to standing

23
Q

Documentation of activity

A

Length of time
Distance
Frequency

24
Q

Joint interventions

A 
ACE Joint supports
Traction and cast
Avoid tourniquet effect
Assess PMSS
Elevate
Apply ice
Support above and below joint

Fundamentals (11 decks)

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