non specific defence systems

Question 1

what is the job of the non specific defence system in the human body?

Answer 1

prevent pathogens from entering the human body

Question 2

what are the 4 parts of the non specific defence system

Answer 2

• skin
• nose
• lungs

Question 3

what are the 4 things that the skin does to prevent pathogens from entering the human body

Answer 3

the skin forms a protective layer covering the whole body

the outer layer of the skin consists of dead cells and is difficult for pathogens to penetrate

the skin produces an oily substance called SEBUM which can kill bacteria

when damaged, the skin scabs over

Question 4

what is sebum?

Answer 4

the oily substance produced by the skin which can kill bacteria

Question 5

what is a problem that may occur with the skin as a part of the non specific defence system?

Answer 5

sometimes the skin is damaged (injuries etc) and that could allow pathogens to enter the body

Question 6

in what circumstance can pathogens enter the body?

how can this be stopped?

Answer 6

if the skin is cut damaged or injured

the skin scabs over

Question 7

what does the nose contain that act with pathogens?

Answer 7

the nose contains hair and mucus that can trap pathogens before they enter the breathing system

Question 8

sometimes pathogens can pas through the nose and make their way down towards our lungs.
what can this be stopped by

Answer 8

the trachea and bronchi are covered with tiny hairs called cilia

Question 9

key feature of cilia:

Answer 9

cilia are covered in mucus which can help trap pathogens

they waft the mucus upwards towards the throat where it is swallowed into the stomach

Question 10

how is the stomach functioned to protect us from pathogens?

Answer 10

the stomach contains hydrochloric acid which kills pathogens before they make their way further down into the digestive system