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Oral Pathology/Oral Medicine > Non-neoplastic Salivary Gland Pathology > Flashcards

Non-neoplastic Salivary Gland Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

4 causes of non-neoplastic salivary pathology

A
  • Trauma
  • Blockae
  • Infection
  • Autoimmune
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2
Q

Tx for mumps

A

Palliative - analgesic, soft diet and fluids

Resolves in 2 weeks

Vaccinate!

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3
Q

What usually causes acute sialadenitis

A

Most result from ductal obstruction/decreased salivary flow, allowing retrograde spread of bacteria

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4
Q

Chronic systemic autoimmune disorder that principally involves the exocrine glands

A

Sjogrens syndrome

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5
Q

What is secondary Sjogrens (Sicca syndrome)

A

Sjogresn plus another associated autoimmune disease

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6
Q

What two molecules have been found to be associated with Sjogrens which indicates autoimmune

A

RF, ANA

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7
Q

What two autoimmune diseases are closely associated with Sjogresn

A

RA

SLE

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8
Q

List 7 symptoms of Sjogrens Syndrome

A
  • Reduced saliva
  • Mouth soreness
  • Difficulty chewing/swallowing
  • Abnormal taste
  • Difficulty in speech
  • Difficulty in controlling dentures
  • Caries
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9
Q

How is Sjogrens syndrome diagnosed

A

Labial gland biopsy

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10
Q

Management of Sjogrens Syndrome

A
  • Exclude candida
  • Encourage OH
  • Fluoride
  • Mouthwash
  • Salivary stimulants and replacements
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11
Q
A
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12
Q

Composition of saliva:

A
  • Electrolytes (Calcium, sodium, potassium, fluoride)
  • Ig
  • Small organic molecules (urea, amino acids, glucose)
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13
Q

What is the pH of the saliva

A

6-7

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14
Q

Functions of saliva:

A
  • Protection
  • Buffering
  • Antimicrobial
  • Digestion
  • Taste
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15
Q

Daily saliva flow rate-

A

500-600ml/day

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16
Q

If you ordered a blood test for CRP levels, what conditions would you be looking to exclude

A

Sjogrens

Sarcoidosis

17
Q

If you ordered a blood test for sACE levels, what condition would you be looking to exclude

A

Sarcoidosis

18
Q

Is you ordered a blood test to check for serum calcium and phosphate levels, what would you be looking to exclude?

A

Hyperparathyroidism (can cause dry mouth)

19
Q

Systemic conditions which can cause dry mouth:

A
  • Sjogrens Syndrome
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Diabetes
  • Hyperparathyroidism
20
Q

Example of salivary gland developmental disorder

A

Hypoplasia

21
Q

Example of tumour like lesion of the salivary gland:

A

Sialadenosis

22
Q

What is this?

A

Adenomatoid hyperplasia

Rare. Usually males. Usually major glands, usually 6th decade of life.

23
Q

Systemic condition known to cause Sialolithiasis

A

Gout

24
Q

MAnagement of sialolithiasis

A
  • Surgical
  • Shock wave
  • Milk out
  • Endoscopy
  • Guided basket retrieval
25
Q

Acute condition usually secondary to localised or systemic cause of reduced salivary flow.

A

Acute Ascending Sialadenitis

26
Q

Management of Acute Ascending Sialadenitis:

A

Flucloxacillin or Clindamycin

27
Q

Signs and Symptoms of Acute Ascending Sialadenitits

A
  • Sudden onset
  • Reduced salivary flow
  • Gland painful, swollen, tender to touch
  • Purulent discharge from duct orifice
  • Erythematous overlying skin
  • Fever
28
Q

Chronic condition caused by recurrent bacterial infection or non-infectious conditions such as radiotherapy, autoimmune disease or stones. Characterised by low grade tenderness and minor degree swelling.

A

Chronic Sialadenitis

29
Q

How does Sarcoidosis present in the salivary glands?

A

Enlargement and Xerostomia.

30
Q

Common symptoms of Sarcoidosis

A
  • Dyspnoea
  • Dry cough
  • Chest pain
  • Fever
  • Malaise
  • Fatigue
  • Weight loss
31
Q

What % of Sarcoidosis have abnormal chest x-ray

A

90%

32
Q

List causes of Xerostomia

A
  • Drugs
  • Radiation
  • Dehydration
  • Severe DM
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Psychogenic
  • Graft vs Host Disease
  • Hyperparathyroidism
  • Amyloidosis
  • Sjogrens Disease
  • Cholinergic dysfunction
33
Q

Painless, non-inflammatory, non neoplastic swelling of the salivary glands. Aetiology not well understood but associated with alcohol abuse, cirrhosis, diabetes, anorexia, bulimia and drugs.

A

Sialosis

34
Q

Clinical features of Xerostomia

A
  • Halitosis
  • Dental caries
  • Candidosis
  • Ascending sialadentitis
  • Difficulty swallowing dry foods
  • Poor retention of dentures
35
Q

Diagnosis of Xerostomia

A
  • Basis of history and exam
  • Blood tests
  • Salivary flow rate
  • Biopsy
  • Sialography
36
Q

Management of dry mouth:

A
  • Fluoride therapies, regular dential check up (preventive)
  • Mouthwashes, gels
  • Gums, pilocarpine
37
Q

Overactivity of what cell leads to abnormal apoptosis in Sjogrens

A

B cells

38
Q
A

Oral Pathology/Oral Medicine (22 decks)

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