Non melanoma Cancers Flashcards
Non-melanoma cancers are more/less common than melanoma
More common
Two types of non - melanoma cancer
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) - rodent ulcer
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
BCC - incidence
Middle aged and elderly
Increasing incidence in young people
Most common skin cancer
BCC - risk factors
UV exposure
- childhood sun exposure, burning, sunbeds
Chemical exposure
BCC - pathogenesis
Arise from keratinocytes in the basal layer of the epidermis
BCC - clinical presentation
Slow growing lump Non healing ulcer Painless Pearly white appearance Rolled edges with central ulceration May present as a scaly plaque Telangectasia
BCC - prognosis
Locally invasive but rarely metastasises
BCC - treatment options
Surgery - gold standard, excision
Cryotherapy
Phototherapy
Radiotherapy
BCC - important mutation
PTCH1
SCC - incidence
Incidence increases with age
Less common than BCC but more serious
SCC - risk factors
UV exposure - long term exposure i.e. outdoor worker Long standing areas of inflammation - Chronic leg ulcers Burns
SCC - pathogenesis
Arise from keratinocytes in supra-basal layers of the epidermis
SCC - clinical presentation
Grows fast Crusted growth Non healing ulcer Erythematous nodules Build up of keratin on surface
SCC - prognosis
Can metastasise
Most common area to metastasis area: lips, ears
SCC - treatment options
Gold standard - surgery
Small - curettage, cautery
