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Virology > Non-HIV Antiviral Drugs > Flashcards

Non-HIV Antiviral Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

neuraminidase inhibitor mechanism

A

neuraminidase(NA) cleaves sialic acid bound to HA(influenza surface protein)

inhibitors are sialic acid analogs that competitively inhibit neuraminidase

  • no release of influeza from cell; cant infect others
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2
Q

neuraminidase inhibitors

A

zanamavir

oseltamavir

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3
Q

neuraminidase toxicity

A

seizure events

respiratory distress

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4
Q

indications for neuraminidase therapy

A

uncomplicated acute influenza in high risk pts

  • children, 65+, pregos

also prophylaxis for high risk children, family members, HC workers taking care of them

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5
Q

neuraminidase resistances

A

cross-resistance occurs due to mutations in influenza receptor and neuraminidase

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6
Q

ribavirin mechanism

A

gets phosphorylated to 5’-MP form via cellular enzyme

inhibits IMP dehydrogenase; stops GMP and eventually AMP synthesis

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7
Q

indications for ribavirin

A

respiratory syncytial virus in kids

parainfluenza

Hep C therapy

….maybe MERS-CoV and SARS

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8
Q

ribavirin toxicity

A

anemia, MI, teratogen

contraindicated for pregos and their husbands

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9
Q

standard of care for HCV pts

A

ribavirin, pegylated IFN

telaprevier and boceprevir are PIs that can be added to improve regimen

better regiments are coming

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10
Q

acute HBV therapy; 1st line

A

entecavir, tenofovir

RT inhibitors

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11
Q

durgs inhibiting DNA replication

A

acyclovir

valaciclovir(prodrug of acyclovir)

famciclovir

ganciclovir

others: idoxuridine, trifulridine, fuorouracil

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12
Q

acyclovir/valaciclovir mechanism

A

HSV selective: phosphorylation by viral TK - MP

phosphorylation by cell kinases - DP, TP

  1. selectively inhibits viral DNA polymerase
  2. incorporates into viral DNA and causes strand termination
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13
Q

indications for acyclovir

A

HSV, VZV, EBV

CMV prophylaxis

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14
Q

famciclovir mechanism, cross resistance, indications

A

same mech as acyclovir, less polymerase inhibition

cross-resistance with acyclovir

approved for genital HSV, VZV

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15
Q

ganciclovir mechanism, toxicity, indications

A

inhibits viral DNA polymerase by chain termination

toxicity: bone marrow suppression and CNS effects

indicated for: CMV in immunosuppressed, pneumonitis in BMT

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16
Q

foscarnet mechanism, indications

A

inhibits viral polymerase at different binding site than acyclovir

inhibits RT as well

indicated for ACV-resistant HSV and CMV retinitis

17
Q

cidofovir mechanism, indications, toxicity

A

strand termination

indicated for CMV retinitis

irreversible renal toxicity

18
Q

palivizumab

A

humanized anit-RSV Mab

Virology (13 decks)

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