NON-ASEPCTIC TECHNIQUE Flashcards
What are NON-ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE?
- Requires special nonsterile procedures
-Involves tubes and lines into the digestive tract
-Body wastes
-Enemas for contrast exams
Which Asepsis IS FOLLOWED FOR NON-ASPETIC TECHNNIQUE?
Radiographic procedures that require medical asepsis to be followed but not surgical asepsis
What are Nasogastric Tubes?
Tube inserted through the nasopharynx into the stomach for decompression or the removal of flatus (gas) and fluids from the stomach.
-NG tubes are also used to provide nutrients to the stomach (feeding tube).
What is the nasogastric tube used for?
Used to feed the patient or to conduct gastric suction (removal of flatus call gas) and FLUIDS and provide nutrients by feeding tube (AFTER INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION OR MAJOR TRAUMA)
Can patients with NG TUBES DRINK AND EAT?
Patients with NG tubes cannot eat or drink fluids.
What type of care must be taken for a patient with a nasogastric tube?
The radiographer must be careful that the NG is not dislodged.
-not to pull on the NG (NOT DISLODGED) tube while moving patient or performing
the examination
WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE INSERTION AND REMOVAL OF THE NG TUBE?
Physicians and nurses are responsible for the insertion and removal of NG tubes however,
the Radiographer must be able to assist in the procedure and should be comfortable performing radiographs on patients that have NG tubes in place.
Ng tubes may be used to insert?
NG tubes may be used to insert Barium or other contrast materials during radiographic procedures such as Upper GI examinations.
What position should the patient be in when NG TUBS ARE INSERTED?
NG tubes are inserted while the patient is in a high Fowler’s position.
What is used for lubrication for insertion?
The NG tube is lubricated for insertion with a water-soluble lubricating jelly.
The NG tube is secured to the outer nares of the patient with tape.
What is the NG TUBE CONNECTED TO?
NG tubes may be connected to a gastric suctioning device to remove or decompress the stomach contents.
WHY NG TUBES MAY BE INSERTED?
Remove flatus (gas) from the stomach
Remove fluids from the stomach
Provide nutrients into the stomach (feeding tube)
TYPES OF NG TUBES?
LEVIN- SINGLE LUMEN
Salem-sump tube – double lumen type
Cantor
Keofeed
Miller – Abbott
Sengstaken – Blakemore
The two most popular types of NG tubes are?
the Levin and the Salem-sump tubes.
MOST COMMAN NASOGASTRIC TUBE IS?
Levin tube – single-lumen type
Levin tubes have black markings on the surface which indicates -how far the tube has been inserted
SINGLE LUMEN ARE COMMONLY USED IN?
IV, urological and drainage catheters.(DRAIN FLUID FROM BODY)
Single Lumen - When a catheter has a single hole through the center of it, it is referred to as a single lumen. Single lumens are most commonly used in IV, urological and drainage catheters.
The single-lumen tubes are best for decompression
What is the SALEM sump tube?
IS A DOUBLE LUMEN TUBE
double-lumen sump tube is best for continuous lavage or irrigation of the stomach.
A tube used to feed a patient or to perform gastric suction is called a:
Nasogastric tube
An item that is used to feed the patient or to suction gastric contents is a:
Nasogastric tube
How can you check to see PLACEMENT OF the tip of the NG was correctly placed?
By taking an ABX (ABDOMINAL XRAY), OR ‘
USING FLUROSCOPY
OR LISTENING TO THE ABDOMEN WITH A STETHOSCOPE (10-20ML AIR IS INSERTED) (WHOOSING SOUND)
a syringe to remove gastric contents as proof.
Another check is to gently aspirate gastric secretions from the stomach
HOW DO YOU TOUCH NG PATIENTS?
WITH A CLEAN GLOVES
How can you withdraw the tube from the patient?
By putting a clean glove one and let patient take a deep breath as tube is gently withdrawn (WRAP IN A PAPER TOWEL AND DISCARD)
Why should portable xrays be labelled?
To include the position
What are MALE URINALS?
Male urinal is plastic or metal and shaped so that it can be used by a patient who is supine, lying on his right or left side, or in the Fowler’s position.
-Disposable or reusable
What type of male patient is it typically used for?
Typically used for ambulatory male patients
If the patient can help themselves, what type urinal may be given to them?
An aseptic urinal may be given to the patient after privacy for the patient has been assured.
THE MALE UNRINAL
Confirm urine volume if urinary output is being tracked.
.
What should we do after patient is finish using urinal?
Wash your hands and provide for patient hand washing
What position do you insert a NG TUBE?
HIGH FOWLERS POSITION
PROCEDURE FOR PLA
Procedure:
* Find a private area such as an empty radiographic room and secure the patient’s privacy.
* The radiographer should put on disposable gloves.
* Cover the patient with a sheet.
* If the patient needs assistance a male radiographer may assist the patient.
* Give the patient toilet paper or a washcloth to use after urinating.
*
After completion of voiding?
After completion of voiding, the urinal should be rinsed and the re-sterilized.
When are Plastic made urinals discarded?
Urinals in uses in hospitals today are made of plastic that are discarded after a single use.
Procedure for placing a URINAL?
The radiographer should wear disposable gloves and should wash their hands before and after assisting with the procedure.
If it is indicated on the patient’s chart the contents of the urinal should not be discarded but the urinal and the contents will be returned with the patient with a note for the nursing staff.
If it is not necessary to record the output of urine the contents of the urinal should be emptied into the toilet, flushed, and the urinal should be rinsed and then discarded as per hospital protocol.
BEDPANS
males-defecation
female-urination and defecation
BEDPANS
* Used for defecation and urination
* Hand washing is extremely important and should be performed both before and after assisting the patient with a bedpan.
* Respect patient privacy and comfort.
* Two designs- wide and narrow
2 types of bedpans
Standard bedpan – has wide sides that the patient’s buttocks rests on.
Fracture bedpan – the sides are very narrow so that the bedpan can more easily be slid under the patient.
How do you place the bedpan?
Slide the bedpan under the patient by asking the patient to turn slightly on their side and then gently roll the patient onto the bedpan. Or if possible, the patient may raise their buttocks (hips) as the bedpan is slid under them, with a convenient handle for placement and removal.
Stay nearby but allow the patient to be alone and have them call you when they are finished
Procedure of bedpan
Give the patient toilet paper or a washcloth to use after.
Two people may be required to assist the patient.
When the patient is finished empty the contents of the bedpan into the toilet and flush. Rinse the bedpan and dispose of it according to hospital protocol.
Bedpans in use in hospitals today are made of plastic that are discarded after a single use.
The radiographer should wash their hands before and after assisting patients with bedpans.
What are CLEANSING ENEMAS?
is used to promote defecation and to prepare the large intestine for the introduction of Contrast Media.
If the patient follows the pre-procedural instructions most patients will arrive for the barium enema exam free of feces in the colon.
WHEN IS A SCOUNT FILM DONE?
A scout film is done before any contrast materials are introduced into the body.
It is done to check to see if the patient is prepared for the exam, if there are artifacts present, and to check the radiographic technique to be used before contrast is introduced.
What is BARIUM ENEMA?
A radiographic study of the large intestine or lower gastrointestinal tract.
How is Contrast media intrOduCED into the large Intestine/lower GI?
Contrast media of BaSO4 is introduced through a large catheter (either a straight tip or Foley type).
The radiographer must?
Obtain patient’s consent.
Explain the procedure.
Allergic sensitivity to Latex or Barium should be assessed.
Non-latex enema tips are available.
What are CONTRAST MEDIA? is it radiopaque?
A substance introduced in the body that is radiopaque and is used to outline organs and structures within the body.
What is the Contrast solution mixed with?
The contrast solution and water must be well mixed prior to use.
BARIUM ENEMA MUST BE MIXED WITH WARM WATER
100-105 DEGREE FAHRENHEIT (HELPS REDUCE CRAMPS
Contrast agents used for upper and lower GI exams may be either positive or negative or a combination of both.
Such as?
Positive – i.e., barium (BaSO4), Gastrographin
Negative – i.e., air