non accidental injury Flashcards
What is classed as a non-accidental injury?
Any bodily injury in a child that has been deliberately inflicted upon them, or any injury where the caregiver has failed to prevent such injury.
What age of child usually presents with a non-accidental injury?
Younger than 2
When should you suspect a non accidental injury?
Delayed presentation with injury
Caregiver history inconsistent
How can the caregiver history potentially be inconsistent?
Changing narratives
Narrative not matching up with the severity/type of injury shown
What visible signs might suggest non accidental injury?
Injuries of varying ages
Presence of burns or scalds
Bruises on arms, legs or face consistent with gripping
What eye pathologies would suggest a non accidental injury?
Subconjunctival haemorrhage
Retinal haemorrhage
What radiological findings might suggest a non accidental injury?
Rib fractures
Skull fractures / cranial bleeds
Metaphyseal corner fractures
Finger fractures
Clavicle fractures
What are metaphyseal corner fractures due to?
A twisting/pulling motion on a limb
What else could possibly suggest non accidental injury?
Delay in attaining milestones
What should you do if a child presents with a suspected non accidental injury?
Always inform a senior
Admit the child for safeguarding while investigations continue
Management of injuries
Clear and thorough documentation
Contact social care to see if the child/caregiver is known to them already
What is shaken baby syndrome?
An infant who has been shaken by parent
How does a baby that has been shaken present?
Retinal haemorrhages Subdural haematoma
Encephalopathy
What other type of fracture might suggest non-accidental injury?
Spiral fracture
What is a spiral fracture?
Complete fracture of a long bone that results from a rotational force being applied
What are neurological indications of non accidental injury?
New onset seizures
emotional lability
cognitive declince
