Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biochem 4 > Nitrogen > Flashcards

Nitrogen Flashcards

exam 4

1
Q

present in AA and when AA get degrades it has two fates

A

nitrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

nitrogen components can be used to

A

create nitrogen containing compounds like heme or is excreted as urea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

under conditions of constant weight, ureas

A

is the only paarameter that changes according to protein intake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

balanced nitrogen levels

A

not gaining muscle or protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

positive nitrogen levels

A

overall increase in body protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

negative nitrogen levels from trauma

A

higher loss of body protein and more urea excretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

negative nitrogen levels from insufficient protein/dietary protein

A

loss of body protein to A.A. pool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

ammonia regeneration in

A

liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

ammonia is incorporate to

A

urea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

transfer of nitrogen to

A

common carrier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

catalyzes reaction of alpha-ketoglutarate nad AA

A

aminotransferase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

alpha-keto and AA forms

A

glutamate and alpha-keto acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

cofactor in reaction of alpha-keto to glutamate

A

PLP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

PLP is derived from vitamin

A

B6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

catalyzes rxn of glutamate to alpha-ketogluturate and ammonia

A

glutamate DH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Glutamate DH occurs in the

A

mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Glutamate DH produces

A

NADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Glutamate DH is inhibited by

A

energy rich

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Glutamate DH is activated by

A

low energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

there is only one reaction that can form ammonia

A

FALSE: a few different one

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

ammonia can be excreted in three ways

A
  1. run Glutamate DH in reverse
  2. Create Glutamine via Glutamine synth
  3. urea cycle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

when glutamte DH is done in the reverse and creates glutamate it consumes

A

NH4+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

is a central intersection of the urea cycle

24
Q

the creation or consumption of glutamate results in the formation of

25
Q

reaction of glutamine to glutamate via glutaminase results in

26
Q

alanine or AA can turn into glutamate in cytosol

A

coming from muscle by Cori/cahill cycle

27
Q

reacts later on in urea cycle to donate NH4+

28
Q

reaction of aspartate aminotransferase react glutamate + OAA to form

A

alpha-keto and aspartate

29
Q

combines in the mitochondria with ornithine and ornithine transcarbamoylase

A

carbamoyl phosphate

30
Q

carbamoyl phosphate + ornithine –>

A

citrulline

31
Q

citrulline leaves the mitochondria by

A

ATP dependent transport

32
Q

citrulline in the cytoplasm combines with aspartate to make

A

argininosuccinate

33
Q

enzyme that is used to catalyze the reaction between citrulline and aspartate

A

argininosuccinate synthase

34
Q

argininosuccinate is broken by

A

argininosuccinase

35
Q

argininosuccinate is broken down to

A

fumarate and arginine

36
Q

arginine is broken down by

37
Q

arginine is broken to produce _________ and regenerate _______

A

urea and regenerate ornithine

38
Q

reenters the mitochondria to start cycle

39
Q

urea has

A

2 ammonia molecules

40
Q

urea ammonia comes from

A

NH4+ and from aspartate

41
Q

CPSI is strongly promoted by

A

N-acetyl glutamate

42
Q

strong promoter of N-acetyl glutamate

43
Q

dysfunction of NAGs leads to low activated of CPSI

A

NAGS deficiency

44
Q

carbaglu

A

treats NAGs deficinecy

45
Q

CPSI catalyzes the reaction between CO2 and NH4+ and 2 ATP to form

A

carbamoyl phosphate

46
Q

developmental delays, cognitive delays, seizures, protein intolerance

A

genetic defects of urea cycle

47
Q

tx for defects in urea cycle

A
  • low protein diet

- increase nitrogen excretion

48
Q

acts as a product and substrate of the urea cycle

49
Q

can react with alpha-ketoglutarate to form glutamate via glutamic x-semialdehyde

50
Q

glutamic x-semialdehyde can be turned into

51
Q

ornithine can be used to create

52
Q

arginine is used to make

A

NO and creatine

53
Q

can be used to make polyamines

54
Q

is the one that binds DNA in sperm

55
Q

arginine, ornithine, glutamate/glutamine and proline are all

A

metabolically linked

Biochem 4 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions