nicotine, caffeine, alcohol Flashcards
Where can nicotine be found
nicotine is found in the tar of tobacco
__________ is most effective for nicotine delivery
inhalation
what is the peak absorption for cigarrettes
Approximately 7 min for cigarettes
Nicotine is found in ________ plants
tobacco plants
5 Tobacco Products
Cigarettes Cigars Pipes Smokeless tobacco E-cigarettes
adverse health consequences of Tobacco
Increased rates of cancer
Increased rates of cardiovascular disease
Increased rates of pulmonary disease
Nicotine is found in
the tar is tobacco
______is most effective for nicotine delivery
Inhalation
Peak absorption for cigarette
Approximately 7 min
Peak absorption for other products
20–30 min
Nicotine readily crosses ______ barrier
blood–brain
where is it metabolized
liver
__________ can affect rate of metabolism
Polymorphisms
Slower metabolizers are more likely to be ________ smokers
light smokers
_______metabolite cotinine very similar to __________
Active
nicotine
Half-life of nicotine
about 2 hr
________smokers eliminate more quickly
Chronic
_________ is a ______ agonist at nicotinic receptor
Nicotine
cholinergic
Nicotinic Receptors is found _______ nervous system
peripheral and central
what part of the PNS are nicotinic receptors found?
list 2
Neuromuscular junction
Ganglia of autonomic nervous system
what part of the CNS are nicotinic receptors found?
list 3
Hippocampus and cerebral cortex
Basal ganglia
Ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens
2 Rewarding Properties of Nicotine
Nicotine increases dopamine in nucleus accumbens
Other constituents of tobacco smoke may enhance these effects (e.g, MAO enzymes)
nicotine is sympathomimetic
T or F
T
What are nicotine pharmacological effects in terms of Cognition and movement
Involved in movement stability
Cognitive enhancer
Naïve users report______________
negative subjective effects
Habitual users report __________
positive subjective effects
list 3 smoking cessation strategies
Cold turkey
Nicotine replacement
Antidepressants
______ and ______alcohol are toxic
Isopropyl and methyl
list two facts of fermented alcohol
Beers and nonfortified wines
No more than 15% ABV
list two facts of distilled alcohol
Spirits and fortified wines
Often at least 20% ABV
