NHA first aid and wounds Flashcards
- scrape or rub
*superficial wound
abrasion
*open injury typically caused by a sharp object causing a straight cut
incision
- open injury jagged in nature caused by a sharp object
laceration
*open wound that is caused by an instrument that delivers a stab
*usually limited bleeding
puncture
*closed injury, also known as a bruise
*caused by blunt-force trauma
contusion
*closed head trauma where head has been jolted or shaken
*possible CT scan (measure vitals)
concussion
*stretching or tearing of muscle or tendon that connects muscle to bone
strain
*stretching or tearing of ligament that connects bone to bone
sprain
*break in bone
*open: skin is broken
*closed:no break in skin
fracture
severe allergic reaction where circulatory shutdown and respiratory distress
anaphylaxis
results from hypoxia in the brain usually due to a blood clot , or rupture of a blood vessel
stroke
area of compromised skin integrity over a bony prominence that results from prolonged pressure.
pressure ulcer
the body’s extreme response to an infection
sepsis
a sudden blockage in your pulmonary arteries, the blood vessels that send blood to your lungs. It usually happens when a blood clot in the deep veins in your leg breaks off and travels to your lungs.
pulmonary embolism
a collection of air outside the lung but within the pleural cavity
- air accumulation can apply pressure on the lung and make it collapse
pneumothorax
when positioning a mayo stand, how far up do you set it
waist height
any item that falls below the ________ is considered contaminated in a sterile field
waist
what do you do before removing old dressing bandage
put a barrier under the wound to catch liquids
clean hands and put gloves on
to remove the bandage, cut bandage where relative of the wound, try to keep what on the wound
to the side of wound and dressing
try to remove bandage without dressing
if you feel resistance when taking off dressing, what do you do
irrigate the dressing with sterile saline
-never take off forcefully
when inspecting the bandage, what should you note
if it has blood (sanguineous)
contains serum (serous)
purulent (contains pus)
when placing a new bandage, you cleanse the wound with a sterile swab in which way
- after cleansing wound what to do with extra 2 swabs
top of the center of the wound and roll to the bottom
- clean sides of the wound (with different swabs)
when placing a new sterile dressing, what do you want to make sure doesn’t happen- what to prevent this
not move the dressing
- place directly on the center of the wound
when preparing for suture/staple removal, what are the beginning steps
note how many sutures/staples remain
inspect incision to insure it is completely closed
perform hand hygiene
when removing sutures, which one do you remove first, and what order
remove 2nd one first, then do every other one
to remove suture, you grab the ___ forceps and gently tug the knot _____
thumb
upwards
you used ____ scissors to cut suture, and cut on the side of the knot that is ________
curved
closest to the skin
when removing suture after its cut, pull the suture in which way
towards the wound
what do you do during a bleeding emergency
Apply pressure,
elevate the site if possible,
apply ice,
limit movement,
keep the patient quiet,
monitor vital signs and
observe for signs of shock.
signs of infection
Redness and swelling at or around the site
⦁Feeling hot to touch
drainage (other than clear)
fever
foul odor from site
malaise feeling unwell
When a sharps container is _______ full, the container should be sealed and placed in the designated area for disposal
2/3
cold sores is from
herpes simplex type 1 virus
