Newspapers Flashcards

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1
Q

Lenin viewed newspapers as __________ of the bourgeois?

A

Mouthpieces

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2
Q

When was the decree that banned all non SOCIALIST newspapers?

A

Nov 1917

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3
Q

By when were all non-Bolshevik papers eliminated?

A

Early 1920s

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4
Q

Printing press was NATIONALISED, only those working “_______________” could access

A

In the interests of the workers and the socialist order

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5
Q

Editors and journalists were

A

1) EMPLOYEES of the government
2) members of the UNION OF SOVIET JOURNALISTS
3) expected to be PARTY MEMBERS

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6
Q

Censorship office that needed to approve every article for publication

A

Glavlit

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7
Q

Daly mass newspapers?

A

Pravda (truth)

Izvestiya (news)

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8
Q

Pravda paper of

A

Communist Party

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9
Q

Izvestiya paper of

A

Government

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10
Q

The purpose of the two Soviet daily mass newspapers?

A

Vehicles of PROPAGANDA (prop, agitation, organisation)

Highlight ACHIEVEMENTS of gov and socialism

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11
Q

Guiding principle of Soviet press (party mindedness)

A

Partiinost

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12
Q

Papers were cheap and widely available

A

Posted on boards along pavements

Workplaces

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13
Q

Pravda has a circulation of (1983)

A

10.7m

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14
Q

Gov controlled unions paper

A

Trud

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15
Q

Trud has run print of _____? (1983)

A

13.5m

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16
Q

Achievements of socialism

A

Meeting/exceeding production figures

Successful arctic & Northern Russian EXPEDITIONS

17
Q

Arctic & Northern Russian expeditions in search of OIL or GOLD— followed the popular theme of

A

Technology>nature

18
Q

Aviators over North Pole presented as

A

Heroes

BRAVE, ADVENTURE, PUSHING FRONTIERS

19
Q

Prohibited topics included…

A

Plane crashes

Natural disasters

20
Q

Vast FIRE out of control OUTSIDE MOSCOW

When?

How long did population have to wait to have blue haze explained?

A

July 1972

1 month (put out by then!)

21
Q

Where did a nuclear waste tank expose in Sept 1957?

A

Kyshtym

22
Q

How many fatalities of Kyshtym?

How many people exposed to dangerous radiation levels?

A

at least 200

over 270,000

23
Q

As the government press agencies ignored the nuclear accident, how many small communities vanished from maps between 1958 and 1991 that led to the public being suspicious?

A

Over 30

24
Q

How long did it take the government to evacuate the areas around Kyshtym?

A

Over two years.

25
Q

If you wanted a platform more likely to publish views Critical of AUTHORITIES, what would you read

(despite them having LIMITS on what was permissible)

?

A

Local newspapers

26
Q

Local newspapers published

A

Letters criticising minor bureaucrats

Complains about pour housing (common) in 1970s

27
Q

What could local papers NOT publish?

A

Criticisms of party leaders