Attacks On Opponents Of The Government Flashcards

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1
Q

When does Lenin establish the Bolshevik secret police?

A

1917

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2
Q

What is the name of the Bolshevik secret police that Lenin establishes?

A

Cheka

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3
Q

Who is the head of the Cheka under Lenin?

A

Felix Dzerzhinsky

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4
Q

What is the purpose of the Cheka?

A

To ruthlessly act against counter-revolution?

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5
Q

CIVIL WAR Cheka given powers to…

What effect does this have?

A

Act with minimal interference from other legal bodies

Enemies can be quickly dealt with

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6
Q

CIVIL WAR what event in what month 1918 prompted a wave arrests?

A

Fanya Kaplan assassination attempt on Lenin

August

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7
Q

CIVIL WAR during the Red Terror (1921-22) Cheka intensifies actions towarards

A

Socialist Revolutionaries

Mensheviks

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8
Q

Red Terror 1921-22, up to how many opponents were shot?

A

200,000

Execution became the RULE, rather than the EXCEPTION

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9
Q

What is the Cheka renamed to?

When?

A

GPU 1922

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10
Q

What is the GPU renamed to?

When?

A

OGPU 1923

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11
Q

After the civil war, the Cheka is re_______.

This gives the secret police _______________.

They answer only to ___________.

A

(Re)organised

Growing independence from other state administrations

Leadership

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12
Q

When is the secret police merged with enlarged interior ministry- NKVD?

A

1934

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13
Q

In 1934, the merging of the secret police with the enlarged interior ministry— NKVD, had what effect on their power?

A

It was increased further.

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14
Q

What did Stalin’s industrialisation do with relation to the secret police?

A

It identified a range of opponents to be dealt with to ensure successful transformation of the Soviet Union.

(Kulaks + other peasants who opposed collectivisation —> deported to gulag)

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15
Q

During Stalin’s era, after what specific event did the number of those identified as political opponents rise?

A

Zinoviev and Kamanev 1936 show trial

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16
Q

After 1936 show trial, the number of those identified as political opponents rose:

A

(- Right of Party purges (Bukharin etc)
- Red Army purges

Accused of working with foreign countries to undermine USSR )

This led to widespread denunciations to the secret police

17
Q

Secret Police headquarters?

A

Lubyanka building

18
Q

What time of the day did SP offer arrest people at?

A

Middle of the night—> disorientate

19
Q

Who produced a widely used handbook on torture methods?

A

OGPU chief for Siberia, Leonid Zakovsky

20
Q

High profile victims got?

A

Show trial

21
Q

Deals made for public confession/naming others involved in undermining state during show trials?

A

Family would be saved from prison (not always carried through)