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Question 1

Chinese philosophy

Answer 1

individual sets of norms = chaos,

nominate superiors must keep order and rule over the people

Question 2

Mencius

Answer 2

Confucianism (focuses on importance of personal ethics/morality)→ all human beings share an innate goodness that either can be cultivated through education and self-discipline, subjectivity towards one’s family would create harmony in China

Question 3

Mozi

Answer 3

Mohism (person should care equally for all other individuals, regardless of their actual relationship to him or her)→ believe in strong form of voluntarism

Question 4

Plato’s republic on human nature:

Answer 4

ring of Gyges: if invisible and without consequences, people would not do good, justice because people are too weak to do injustice with impunity

Question 5

Nature of Justice

Answer 5

just vs. unjust: benefit from social interactions/ pressures bc they keep us from being unjust

Question 6

Rule of law

Answer 6

power of political leaders is constrained by laws and regulations

Question 7

Rule by law

Answer 7

law used as an instrument for social control

would include hitler’s nuremberg laws

Question 8

Schmitter

Answer 8

What is Democracy… And Is Not

Question 9

What makes a liberal democracy?

Answer 9

property rights (elite), political rights (majority), civil rights (protect minorities)

Question 10

Illiberal