Newborn Flashcards

1
Q

Neonatal development

A
  • neonatal period = first 4 weeks after birth - neuromuscular development 1. Head to toe (cephalic to caudal): direction of development 2. Gross before fine: motor skills 3. Simple to complex: movements 4. Proximal to distal: motor control follows this pattern
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2
Q

Cardiopulmonary system

A
  • fetal circulatory system bypasses lungs and uses valve and ducts to complete circulation - at or shortly after birth: closure of ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale allow for perfusion of pulmonary vasculature and neonatal gas exchange
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3
Q

Taste and smell

A

Odor and taste preferences are influenced by mother’s diet during pregnancy - distinguish between sweet and sour (love sweet)

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4
Q

Hearing

A

Prefer complex sounds (tone changes) - attend to familiar sound of mother/father

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5
Q

Touch

A

Most sensitive around mouth, palms and soles of feet - somatosensory cortex developed

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6
Q

Vision

A

Limited vision - prefer simple, face-like objects

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7
Q

Birth - 1 month (gross and fine motor skills)

A
  1. Gross: lifts head in prone; total head lag in pull-to-sit; rolls partly to side from supine 2. Fine: hands swipe at mouth; hands held closed/fisted; arm movements jerky; coordinated suck, swallow, and respiration
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8
Q

Birth - 1 month (cognitive/language and emotional/social skills)

A
  1. C/L: sensorimotor stage - limited use of motor skills to access interesting sights and sounds; recognition and discrimination 2. E/S: cries to communicate; calms to human face and voice; follows moving object to midline
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9
Q

Reflexes

A

Stereotypical response to a given stimulus - precursors of more specific motor pattern - are inhibited/integrated in adults but can reemerge with CNS injury/disease

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10
Q

Primitive reflexes

A
  • suck-swallow - tonic labyrinthine - palmar grasp - moro - asymmetrical tonic neck - symmetrical tonic neck - rooting - galant - plantar - stepping
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11
Q

Infant vs future voluntary movement

A
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12
Q

Neonatal development reflexes

A

Presence of reflex longer than stated time is abnormal and can interfere with normal motor development

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13
Q

Suck-swallow

A
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14
Q

Rooting

A
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15
Q

Tonic labyrinthine

A
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16
Q

Tonic labyrinthine abnormal persistence

A
17
Q

Idk

A