Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Semester 3 FS Exam 3 > Newborn > Flashcards

Newborn Flashcards

1
Q

How do we view motor development?

A

Chronological

Positional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Chronological view of motor development

A

Looks at multiple positions at different times in a baby/human life
Able to compare baby to typical development - age appropriate skills
Able to provide understanding of development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Positional view of motor development

A

Looking at how an individual positions mature through time and development
Allows us to look at quality of motion and the progress of that particular skill
How does an individual progress throughout the prone position over age
Able to provide understanding of development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are theories of motor behavior

A

Assumptions about development/movement
Guides therapists in performing evaluation and interventions
Individual, task, environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Reflexive and Hierarchial Theory

A

Top down control

Observed progression of development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Neuro-maturational theory

A

utilizing the ideas of reflex and hierarchical theory to explain infant development
Reflexes are typically thought of as a response to a stimulus - reflexes are now thought of as a role in development but not the sole determinant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Reflexive, Hierarchical, neuro-maturational are all based on the idea of

A

Neuro-facilitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Theory of motor behavior - Task-oriented approach

A

Organized around behavioral goals

Less around neuro-facilitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Movement observed after lesion based on remaining systems abilities =

A

Compensations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

For task oriented approach it it Important to practice ____ rather than ___

A

Important to practice functional tasks rather than movement patterns for their own sake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Dynamic systems theory of motor behavior

A

Complex interactions

Incorporates multiple systems - body, environment, task and motivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Factors impacting development

A

Genetic
CNS maturation
Environment
Anatomical (body type, mm fiber type, ROM, tone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Typical vs. Normal development

A

Should use the word typical

There is a normal bell shaped curve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

TYpical motor development begins with

A

Fetal development

Supported womb full term = 38-40 weeks, premature = 36 weeks or earlier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Unsupported womb

A

Placenta rupture, womb with alcohol in it..

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Observed progression of development based in reflexive and hierarchical model

A

Cephalo-caudal
Prox - distal
Automatic - reflex - voluntary
Mass - isolated - integrated
Mobility - stability, controlled mobility - static dynamic - skill
Gross - fine
dominaed by gravity - control over gravity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Anti-gravity movement progression - start in

A 
physiological flexion and progress to anti-gravity extension
Physiological flexion
Active extension
Active balance btw flexors/extensors
Rotation - dynamic control
Transition occurs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Head control n prone

A

Healthy infant initially able to clear nose via rotation at birth
Begins with rotation that progresses toe xtension, balance btw flexors and extensors, and then dynamic head control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Equilibrium reactions

A

Bodies ability to maintain upright postiion against gravity
Starts by gaining head control
Trunk follows with elongation to lift body against gravity
Weight shift - named of position by side weight shifted towards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

UE development begins with

A

Weight bearing
Shoulders begin in ext/add/IR/elbow flexion
As weight bear thorugh forearms and hands continues –> shoulders abduct and flex, pushing through forearms, development of movement in hands
Develops Protective Reactions in the UEs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Protective Reactions

A

like stepping reactions in legs but for the arms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Pelvic hip development and mobility/stability

A

Weight shifts caudally towards pelvis
Pelvis drops towards the floor - weight bearing through pelvis
Development of hip extension/ankle PF - antigravity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Reflexes =

A

Response of the body to a certain stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Reflexes are typically either:

A

Present or Absent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Reflexes - integrated

A

when a child uses it when needed/required as a survival skill

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Reflexes - obligatory cs non obligatory

A

Obligatory - stuck in reflexive pattern that should be integrated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Why do we have reflexes

A

Adaptive and used for survival skills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Examples of reflexes - rooting and sucking

A

Rooting - stroke side of cheek and baby turn head - functional for eating
Sucking reflex - also for eating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Reflexes also persist due to

A

Usefulness for skill
Alter by adapting environment/sensory cues
Lack of more mature pattern - slow/atypical development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Usefulness for skill - ATNR

A

ATNR - with cervical rotation, same side elbow extension, opp side flexion
Present at birth
Integrated 4-6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Alter by adapting environment/sensory cues

A

Flexor withdrawal - steps on tack, withdrawal with noxious stimulus
Present at birth
Integrated at around 2 months

32
Q

Tonic/brainstem reflexes - Tonic Labyrinthine - TLR and ATLR

A

TLR = when head tilts back in supine the body extends, when head tilts forward in prone the body flexes
Fully integrated at 6 months
ATLR - in side lie - top leg flexes, bottom leg extends - assists with rolling

33
Q

Tonic/brainstem reflexes - Tonic neck - ATNR and STNR

A

STNR - with cervical ext, arms extend while legs bend symmetrically
With cervical flex, arms flex and legs ext symmetrically
Present btw 6-8 months - becomes integrated when crawling is mastered

34
Q

Tonic/brainstem reflexes - - protective support

A

Child is placed on their feet and is able to maintain LE extension - primitive maintains up through 6 months - some variability

35
Q

What occurs when a TLR becomes obligatory

A

The individual is unable to perform antigravity motion

36
Q

Spinal reflexes

A

Palmar grasp
Plantar grasp
Startle

37
Q

Spinal reflexes - palmar grasp

A

Pressure on palm of hand
Onset = birth
Integrated at 3-6 months

38
Q

Spinal reflexes - plantar grasp

A

Pressure on palm of foot
Onset is 28 weeks gestation
Integrated at 9 months

39
Q

Spinal reflexes - Startle

A

Onset = birth and persists thereafter

40
Q

Righting reactions

A 
Optical
Labyrinthine 
Neck on Body
Body on Body 
Landau
41
Q

Optical Righting Reaction

A

Child attempts to visually place visual view o the horizon

42
Q

Labyrinthine Righting Reaction

A

Utilizes semi-circular canals for position

43
Q

Neck on body righting reaction

A

Cervical rotation will eventually lead to body rotation

44
Q

Body on body righting reaction

A

Flex legs up and across, body will follow

45
Q

Landau righting reaction

A

airplane postiion - full extension in prone - see it start at 4 to 5 months
Anti gravity movement as needed

46
Q

Equilibrium reactions

A

Upright against gravity

47
Q

Tilting reactions

A

the bodies attempt to stay upright on a dynamic surface

48
Q

Protective responses/Support reactions

A

Extremity attempt to assist in maintaining upright posture - reach towards ground

49
Q

Protective responses/Support reactions - UE

A

Develops progressively
1st = ant, comes at 4-6 months
2nd - lateral
3rd - post

50
Q

Protective responses/Support reactions - LE

A

Stepping reactions

51
Q

Functional skills of an infant - Newbron/Infant Organization

A

Self regulation for daily routines and attention
Sleeping
State = sleepy/drowsy; awake/alert, fussing crying - this needs to be in check for optimal learning

52
Q

Functional skills of an infant - Newbron/Infant Organization - sleeping state to help it if off

A

Flexion/midline positioning is a base posture for task and calming in the neonate
Rocking them, pacifier, swaddle them

53
Q

Functional skills of an infant - Feeding/Communication Relationships

A

Impact of head and neck on feeding and speech

Head stability for eye tracking and speech

54
Q

Functional skills of an infant - Exploration for learning - Eye hand for play and manipulation of toys

A

Shoulder girdle stability for play and reaching

Weight bearing through arms and hands assists in hand arch formation which progresses to fine motor control

55
Q

Functional skills of an infant - Exploration for learning - Exploration

A

Upright pelvis to allow movement in sitting
Balance of flexion/extension for stability
Rotation - transitional movement/mobility

56
Q

Characteristics of a newborn - appearance

A

Lanugo (hairy covering)
Bowlegged
Twitching

57
Q

CHaracteristics of a newborn - physiologic flexion

A

Significant changes in the first 4 months

58
Q

Other characterisitcs of a newborn

A

Random movements, some controlled by reflex

COmmunication - different cries, eye contact, may smile

59
Q

Newborn - body position

A

Physiological flexion

60
Q

Newborn prone - COM is shifted

A

Towards the head

Head turns toward side

61
Q

Newborn prone UEs

A

Shoulders Ext IR and Add

62
Q

Newborn prone LEs

A

Flexed hips, knees, and ankle DF

63
Q

Newborn supine

A

Limited head control

May see slight rotation

64
Q

Newborn supine UE

A

flexed

Jerky/tremors

65
Q

Newborn supine LE

A

Flexed with ankle DF

66
Q

Newbron supine skills

A 
Head and hands to midline
Some initial attempts at hand to mouth
Some kicking
Pull to sit - significant head lag
Gravity begins to slowly take their body out of physiological flexion - passive extension
67
Q

Newborn - sensory - visual

A 
Optic tracts not full myelinated
Sees best in dim light 8-12 in
Prefers black and white
Prefers patterns vs colors
Horizontal tracking with head movement
Will make eye contact
68
Q

Newborn - sensory - visual - 3 day old can detect

A

Velocity and direction of a field of dots moving and alter head position

69
Q

Newborn - sensory - taste

A

Myelination complete

Prefers sweet

70
Q

Newborn - sensory - temperature

A

Will shiver and curl

71
Q

Newborn - myelination - Tactile

A

complete

72
Q

Newborn - myelination - Vestibular

A

Complete

73
Q

Newborn - myelination - Smell

A

complete
Recognize mothers scent at 1 week
Will startle to strong odor at 55 hours

74
Q

Newborn - myelination - auditory

A 
not complete
Responds to vibration
Localizes sound at 10 min after birth
Calms to high pitch voice
Prefers music
75
Q

Newborn - communication/social

A

Smile is initially reflexive early on

Social smile - 6 weeks

Semester 3 FS Exam 3 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions