Neutralisation Flashcards
What type of solutions are there?
Acids (+), Neutral, Alkaline (OH-)
What are acids?
They release hydrogen ions when released/dissolved in water.
What does it mean if more hydrogen ions are released from an acid?
The more hydrogen ions released, the stronger the acid.
What does the strongest acid do?
Release the most hydrogen ions.
What does the weakest acid do?
Release the least hydrogen ions.
What is the pH number of the strongest acid?
0
What is the pH number of the weakest acid?
6
What is the number for neutral?
7
What is a strong acid?
Completely ionised.
What is a weak acid?
Partially ionised.
Hydrochloric Acid
HCl, H+ Cl-
Nitric Acid
H⁺ NO³⁻, HNO³
Sulphuric Acid
H² SO⁴, H⁺ SO⁴⁻²
What does a metal and acid make?
metal + acid —> salt + hydrogen
Give an example of metal reacting with acid
2Na + 2HCl —-> 2NaCl + H²
SO⁴?
Sulfate
Cl?
Chloride
NO³?
Nitrate
What is an alkaline?
Releases OH⁻ when dissolved in water.
What does it mean if more hydroxide ions (OH⁻) ions are released?
The stronger the alkaline, the more OH⁻ ions released.
Give examples of metal oxides.
Magnesium Oxide (MgO) , Aluminium Oxide (Al² O³) , Sodium Oxide (Na²O)
Give examples of metal hydroxides
Magnesium Hydroxide (Mg(OH)²), Aluminium Hydroxide (Al(OH)³), Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)
Give examples of metal carbonates
Magnesium Carbonate (MgCO³), Aluminium Carbonate (Al²(CO³)²), Sodium Carbonate (Na²CO³)
What happens in a neutrilisation reaction?
Acid + Alkaline —-> Salt + Water (H⁺ + OH⁻ —-> H²O
