Neurotransmitters

Question 1

Glutamate (excitatory) and GABA (inhibitory)

Answer 1

• are the primary ways neurotransmitters excite or inhibit another cell
• (alcohol and barbiturates increases GABA production and depresses the nervous system)

Question 2

Biogenic amines (Monoamines)

Answer 2

used more for specific functions
are not always excitatory or inhibitory (depends on receptor)
Dopamine (mesolimbic, reward system, voluntary motor control)
Norepinephrine (epinephrine is released from glands in the body)
Alertness and attentiveness
Serotonin
Mood regulation, food consumption

Question 3

Acetylcholine

Answer 3

Muscle contraction
Memory
The first identified neurotransmitter

Question 4

Neuropeptides

Answer 4

Small little proteins
Oxytocin
Hormones released into the body
Milk, breastfeeding, uterine contraction
The cuddle neurotransmitter 
Bonds between mated pairs 
bonds between parents and infants
Endorphins (opioid peptides)
Painkillers
In emergency situations, the body suppresses pain in order to get out of the situation (i.e. Bahamian man and a broken leg)
Activated by morphine
Activated by exercise
Associated with a lot of positive emotional states