Neuroscience Is Ethical s It Provides Answers

Question 1

Explain cost versus benefits

Answer 1

Ethical if the benefits out weight the cost

Question 2

What are the four main parts?

Answer 2

Understand consciousness
Treat criminal behaviour
Enhance neurological function
Improve marketing techniques

Question 3

Understand consciousness

Explain Crick and Koch

Answer 3

Found the claustram, a thin layer of neutrons found in The centre of the brain, seat of consciousness (like a conductor of an orchestra, combining information from distinct brain regions)

Question 4

Who proved Crick and Koch right?

Answer 4

Koubeissi

Question 5

What happened with Koubeissi?

Answer 5

Woman with epilepsy had her claustram electrically stimulated and stopped reading, starred blankly and wouldn’t respond to visual or auditory commands

Question 6

How could the knowledge of the claustram help?

Answer 6

Could help make the decision about patients who are in a persistent vegetative state on to end their life or nor based on consciousness

Question 7

Treat criminal behaviour- what’s an important role of any criminal justice system?

Answer 7

To rehabilitate offenders in order to prevent further criminal behaviour

Question 8

Some people believe that criminal behaviour stems from abnormal levels of certain neurotransmitter. If this is true, what can drugs be used for?

Answer 8

To treat criminals

Question 9

What did Cherek et al do?

Answer 9

Investigated the levels of impulsitivity and aggression in males with a history of conduct disorder and criminal behaviour

Either given placebo or paroxetine

showed a significant decrease in impulsive responses and aggression declined by the end of the study

Question 10

Enhance neurological function- Neuroscience could be used too improve the abilities of normal individuals. Explain

Answer 10

E.g. Improved performance on complex academic tasks

Question 11

What does TDCS mean and what does it involve?

Answer 11

Transcranial direct current stimulation

Involves passing a small electric current across specific regions of the brain

Question 12

What did Cohen Kodosh find?

Answer 12

That TDCS leads to improvements in problem-solving and mathimatical, language, memory and attention capabilities

Question 13

How could the findings of Cohen Kodosh help students?

Answer 13

Students could use the TDCS apparatus in preparation for examinations

Question 14

What’s an argument of neuroehancement?

Answer 14

It’s not a new thing

Question 15

How do many students already use neruoenhancements?

Answer 15

Drink caffeine-based drinks to block adenosine receptors in the brain that are hence more alert to revise

Question 16

Improve marketing- what is neuromarketing?

Answer 16

Neuroscience in the world of marketing and advertising

Question 17

Why might we not give our real opinion when interviewed by market researchers

Answer 17

We want to appear in a good light (social desirability bias)

Question 18

How can Social Desirability Bias be avoided

Answer 18

By using eye tracking equipment which provides objective evidence of what really catches a person’s eye when shopping or watching advertisements

Question 19

Give an example of EEG

Answer 19

Sand’s research- used neuromarketing to produce Volkswagon ad