Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychology Unit 2 > Investigative Behaviour > Flashcards

Investigative Behaviour Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

What are the 4 types of correlations

A

Positive
Negative
No correlation
Curvilinear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are correlations?

A

Methods used to analyse the association between two variables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are correlations measured on?

A

Scale of +1 to -1

\+1= perfect
0= zero
-1 = perfectly negative
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Give an example of a positive correlation that isn’t big enough to be significant

A

Diener (+0.12)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How to write a hypothesis

A

There will be a positive/negative/correlations/relationship/ null correlation between the (Y) and (X) values

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a curvilinear

A

A correlation that reaches an optimum arousal peak then decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a weakness of a graph?

A

Cannot establish a cause and effect between variables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the strengths of graphs?

A

1- leads to further investigations and can be used to analyse trends. If correlations have been discovered this can be the basis for more studies

2- high degree of replication so high reliability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the measures of central tendency?

A

Mean
Medium
Mode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The measures of central tendency are what type of data?

A

Quantitive data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the levels of measurement?

A

Nominal
Ordinal
Interval data
Ratio data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is nominal?

A

Data split into categories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is ordinal?

A

Ordered data (1st to last)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is interval data?

A

Counting the correct answers or number of words recalled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is ratio data?

A

Units of measurement with an agreed zero point e.g. Height

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the measures of dispersion?

A

Range

Standard deviation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the steps of standard deviation

A

1- find the mean
2- subtract the man from one value of the data to get (y)
3- y^2
4- repeat steps 2-3 for each value
5- add all y^2 together
6- take this answer and divide it by the number of data
7- square root the answer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is validity

A

A valid measure that discovers the truth
The method/ instrument measures exactly what it is suppose to measure (accuracy)
Primarily it refers to the control of variables

19
Q

What is internal validity

A

What goes on inside a study

20
Q

Questions to ask for internal validity

A

Where are variables controlled?
Mundane realism?
Can we claim the cause and effect between the IV and DV?
Did participants guess the aim? (Demand characteristics)
Did the experimenter infer with the results?

21
Q

What is external validity?

A

The extent to which results can be generalised to other settings or populations
Samples+ sampling main focus

22
Q

What is single bind?

A

Participants are unaware of aims/hypothesis

23
Q

What is double bind?

A

Participants and experimenter are unaware of the aims/hypothesis

24
Q

How to test reliability

A
  • does the measure/method being used provide consistent results over time?
  • internal validity
  • can it be replicated?
25
Q

How to test reliability in observations

A
  • should have a category coding system to make observations consistent
  • two or more observers should compare results (inter-rater reliability)
26
Q

How to test reliability of self reports

A

Internal reliability - split test in half

External reliability- test and re-test

27
Q

TP -> SF -> S

A

Target population- Sample frame- sample

28
Q

What is a target population?

A

Groups psychologists are interested in studying

29
Q

What is a sampling frame?

A

Smaller group within a target population

30
Q

What is a sample

A

A group of participants that take part in the investigation

Drawn out from the sample frame and meant to represent the target population

31
Q

What is the representation/ generalisation

A

The aim of any investigation is tore present the target population

32
Q

What are the two forms of bias

A

Researcher bias

Sample bias

33
Q

What is researcher bias

A

When the researcher manipulates who is selected

34
Q

What is sample bias

A

When they’re dominated by a particular group

35
Q

What are the main points of ethics

A 
Informed consent
Distress (risk of harm)
Deception
Confidentiality
Privacy
36
Q

How can you deal with ethical problems?

A

Right to withdrawal
Debrief
Think about long term consequences

37
Q

What are the forms of graphical display

A 
Scattergrams
Bar charts
Line graphs
Histograms
Pie charts
38
Q

What is a laboratory experiment

A

A room equipped for scientific research

Used for experiments or observations

39
Q

What’s the strength of a laboratory

A

Most scientific

Excellent control of variables and identification of IV and DV

40
Q

What’s the weakness of a laboratory

A

Artificial (demand characteristics and low mundane realism)

41
Q

What is a field setting

A

Outside of a lab in a more natural setting

42
Q

What’s the benefit of using field research

A

Less artificial (less demand characteristics but more mundane realism)

43
Q

What’s the weakness of using a field location

A

Less contro, over variables therefore harder to establish cause and effect

44
Q

What is online research

A

When participants are accessed/selected

Psychology Unit 2 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions