neurophysiology of cognition Flashcards
functional components of cognition
at the neuronal level, cognition is produced by extensive synaptic interactions produced by pyramidal neurons of neocortical association cortices
cognition includes
LV MEDS
language visuospatial processing memory exectuive functioning decision making social cognition
language processing
conceptual system–>mediational system–>language implementation–>spoken language
language implementation system involves
wernickes area, arcuate fasiculus, brocas area
what age do babies brains start to change to recognize specific language sounds of native language and drop the use of phenomes that don’t occur in their language?
when is process complete
6-9 months
1 yr
prefrontal cortex two major areas of function
planning complex motor actions
carrying out of thought processes
prefrontal cortex planning of complex motor actions interacts with
parieto-temporal-occipital association area
prefrontal cortex and hippocampus
working memory
prefrontal cortex and limbic area
judgment
reward processing area
orbitofrontal with amygdala
integration of bodily signals
ventromedial prefrotnal VMP
gut feeling
area of recognition of facial expression and perception of that
superior temoral sulcus and fusiform gyrus (fusiform face area)
emotional compreshension areas (3)
prefrontal cortrex, anterior cingulate cortrex, amygdala
the ____ controls the use of the eyes and directs the gaze to the middle of the face trianlgle (particularyly the eyes)
amygdala
if damage to this then doesn’t look at others eyes
mirror neurons: anterior, posterior
also visual input
anterior mirror system: ID goal of action
posterior mirror system: ID motor action
visual input: posterior sector of the superior temporal sulcus
the circuit for imitating is beleived to interact with limbic structures via the ___
insula
perception of prosody area
primary auditory cortex ID of sound and pitch and tone then right posterior supeiror temporal sulcus (RPSTS) meaning happens here
then sent to frontal cortex for judgement
ability to understand the mental states and beliefs of others and to appreciate how these differ from our own
theory of mind
theory of mind core pathway
amygdala and connections to the medial temporal lobes and orbitofrontal areas
decision making stimulus encoding system
orbitofrontal cortex
ventromedial prefrontal cortex
striatum
system that learns and encodes subjective value of results, also involved in error detection
anterior cingulate cortex
expected reward system
what kind of risks
BAII
basal ganglia
amygdala
insular cortex
intraparietal cortex
unknown risks
a decision in which the risks are known relies most heavily on the ___
stimulus encoding system
decisions with unknown risk rely most heavily on what
expected reward system and then action selection system
