intro to drugs of abuse sedative hypnotics alcohol (kruse) Flashcards
how are benzos metabolized
CYP3A4 phase I and glucuronidation phase II
hepatically
benzos which has the fastes onset of action
second most
diazepam, can die VERY fast
alprazolam, ski down the swiss alps FAST
which benzo has slowest onset
oxazepam
slow as an ox
which benzos have intermediate onset of action
lorazepam and clonazepam
LCs bbq is intermediate when comes to best kc bbq
which benzo has the longest half life
diazepam
which benzo has the shortest half life and is good alternative to succinylcholine before surgery as an anesthetic
midazolam
which benzo has an active metabolite
diazepam
intermediate to long acting benzos
DLC
diazepam, lorazepam clonazepam
short to intermediate acting benzos
MOATT
midazolam, oxazepam, alprazolam, triazolam, temazepam
if you have an addict should you give a benzo with slow or fast onset
slow
moa of newer hypnotics and examples
bind GABA alpha receptor that contain a1 subunit
only approved for sleep disorders
eszopiclone, zolpidem, zaleplon
antagonist for benzo overdose
flumazenil
how did i get over being sick of driving the benzo for too long?
i flew in the maz
zolpidem, zaleplon, eszopiclone benefits
which is biphasic
which act rapidly
which has longest half life
rapid onset, minimal hangover efefcts
zolpidem is biphasic
zolpidem and zaleplon act rapidly
eszopiclone has longer half life
ramelteon use and moa
treatment of insomnia
caRAMEL tea puts you to sleep
MELT for melatonin MT1 and MT2
ramelteon is metabolized by what and avoid admin with what
CYP1A2
avoid coadministration with fluvoxamine
camels and flying oxes dont mix
AE ramelteon
decrease in testosterone and increase prolactin
think girly men drink caramel tea
buspirone use, onset of effect, AEs, metab
GAD
takes a week to work
no sedation, euphoria, anticonvulsant, or muscle relaxant
metab by CYP3A4
what kind of kinetics does alcohol follow
ethanol metab follows 0 order kinetics so enzymes are almost immediately saturated
alcohol inhibits what
the ability of glutamate to open the cation channel of the NMDA receptor which leads to increased depression of CNS
treatment of acute withdrawal syndrome for alcohol
benzos
primary treatment for alcohol dependence
psychosocial therapy
naltrexone is approved for
treatment of alcohol and opiate dependence
u opiod receptor antagonist and long acting
individuals must be opiod free before initiating therapy
acamprostate moa and use
weak NMDA receptor antagonist and GABAa receptor agonist
reduces short term and long term relapse rates
alcohol dependence drug
