Neuropharm anticholinergic Flashcards
Anticholinergic drugs act by __ cholinergic transmission
Decreasing
Another name for anticholinergic drugs
Muscarinic antagonists
Commonly used anticholinergic medications
Benztropine
Oxybutynin
Atropine
Scopolamine
BOAtS
Glycopyrrolate
Ipratopium
Dicyclomine
Hyscyamine
Anticholinergic meds work to prevent transmission at muscarinic receptors and therefore do what
Prevent a parasympathetic nervous system response
What is benztropine used for
With levodopa for Parkinson’s
Often used for parkinsonian symptoms which can accompany antipsychotic medications
How does benztropine help with Parkinson’s
Antagonize the effects of acetylcholine
Reducing the imbalance between acetylcholine and dopamine which helps prevent parkinsonian symptoms.
How does oxybutynin work
Inhibits muscarinic action of acetylcholine on smooth muscle
What does oxybutynin do
Decrease bladder spasm
Indication for oxybutynin
Frequent urination and urge incontinence
Overactive bladder
It will decrease frequent urination
Atropine has numerous uses. What are some
Cycloplegic and dilates pupil
To treat bradycardia as it blocks the actions of the vagus nerve
To increase heart rate
Reverse organophosphate poisoning
Decrease secretions and bronchoconstriction
Int he eye, atropine induces ____
Mydriasis or pupil dilation
Atropine can be used to treat what
Cycloplegia
Or paralysis of the accommodation reflex
Scopolamine can be given orally, IV or transdermally. For what
Treat motion sickness and has amnestied and sedative properties
How does scopolamine treat motion sickness
Blocking muscarinic receptors in the CNS and the vestibular system
Why is scopolamine used over atropine for motion sickness
Longer acting and has greater action not he CNS
Glycopyrrolate
Decrease airway secretions, in addition to decreasing stomach acid secretions in peptic ulcer disease.
Also prevents bradychardia, which occurs with the administration or neostigmine. Thus glycopyrrolate is often given to patients with neuromuscluar blocking reversal agent, neostigmine
How does glycopyrrolate reduce airway secretion
Prevent salivary, pharyngeal and trachiobronchial secretions. Helps with intubation in anesthesia as well as maintaining open airways during ventilation
How can glycopyrrolate treat ulcer
Helps decrease stomach acid secretion and is helpful in treating peptic ulcers
Ipratopium
Inhalation medication used to treat COPD and acute asthma
Ipratropium is typically used to treat acute asthma, but is usually combined with what
Long acting b agonist
Dicyclomine
Anticholinergic medication that blocks muscarinic receptors and is used to treat intestinal hypermotility and IBS by reducing gastric spasms
Hyoscyamine
Antagonist of muscarinic ach receptors, working to block parasympathetic activity.
Bc hyocyamine blocks parasympathetic activity of smooth muscle of the gut, it is indicated for what
Use in various gastrointestinal disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome
What is IBS
Syndrome is gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain, alterations in bowel patterns of diarrhea and constipation , excessive flatulence and fatigue . Symptoms reduced by defecation
What is atropine
Muscarinic antagonist used in ophthalmic applications, organophosphate overdose, and cases of bradycardia
Side effects of atropine
Skin flushing , increased temperature, dry mouth, cycloplegiaa and disorientation in the elderly
Mydriasis
What are the indications for atropine “DUMBBeLSS” it blocks these
Diarrhea, urination, miosis, bradychardia, bronchoconstriction, lacrimation, salivation, and sweating
What kind of receptors does atropine block
Muscarinic receptors
What receptors block CNS excitation
Nicotonic
What is atropine used for
Antidote in cholinergic poisoning or organophosphate poisoning, acting by blocking acetylcholine action at muscarinic receptors
