Benztropine Flashcards
What is benztropine(cogentin)
Centrally acting anticholinergic medication that blocks the muscarinic receptors in the central nervous system
What is benztropine used for
Parkinson’s and acute dystonia caused by antipsychotic medications
Side effects of benztropine
Dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation, psychosis, and tachycardia
Who should u not give benztropine to. Why
Elderly they are less tolerant of CNS effects (sedation, confusion and delusions)
Benztropine (convention) blocks centrally acting muscarinic receptors and helps restore the natural balance of — and __ in the brain
Dopamine
Acetylcholine
What does restoring the dopamine and acetylcholine balance in the brain do
Helps resolve abnormal muscle contractions and results in improved muscle coordination.
Anticholinergic side effects
Common bc most muscarinic receptors are nearby parasympathetic nerves
Although benztropine is centrally acting, what may it effect also
Peripheral muscarinic receptors
The defiency of ___ associated with Parkinson’s disease results in excessive Cholinergic activity
Dopamine
How does benztropine (cogentin) treat parkinsons
Decreases acetylcholine effect on the brain and minimizes tremors and stiff muscles associated with Parkinson’s
What is acute dystonia
Some antipsychotic medications block dopamine receptors and cause extrapyramidal symptoms, such as involuntary muscle movements or slurred speech
How does benztropine treat acute dystonia
Block centrally acting muscarinic receptors and decreases involuntary abnormal muscle contractions associated with antipsychotic medications
Side effects of benztropine
Blurry vision, dry mouth, urinaly retention, tachycardia, constipation, psychosis
Why does benztropine cause blurred vision
Blocks Cholinergic receptors int he eye and paralyze ciliary muscles, focusing on far objects and causing nearby objects to look blurred
If give a patient benztropine what tell patient
Warn f blurred vision, don’t let drive and measure the patients intraocular pressure
Why does benztropine cause dry mouth
Block salivary glands and lead to xerostomia or dry mouth. This may lead to difficulties swallowing or speaking and result in loss of appetite and weight
What do if give patient benztropine
Give sips of water while encouraging oral hygiene
How does benztropine cause urinary retention
Inhibit binding of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors M2 M3 on detrusor smooth muscle cells . Decreases muscular tone of the bladder wall and causes urinary retention.
How minimize urinary retention in benztropine
Advise patient to void immediately prior to taking benztropine
If get severe urinary retention. What give patient
Muscarinic agonist (bethanechol) monitor input and output
How does benztropine cause tachycardia
Block parasympathetic nerves of the heart and cause cardiac dysrhythmias.
Why does benztropine cause constipation
Block muscarinic receptors of the intestinal tract. Decreasing tone and motility of the intestinal smooth muscle and result in constipation.
Who is benztropine contradicted in
Patients with low intestinal muscle tone
Advise patient to minimize effects of constipation by increasing fiber
What does benztropine cause psychosis
Cause CNS excitation.
-visual hallucinations , vivid dreams, paranoia
What happens if a patient takes benztropine gets psychosis
Stop administering it
Why if patient on benztropine get psychosis should you not treat it with antipsychotics
Dopamine blocking actions will intensify motor symptoms
What should you treat psychotic symptoms with
Clozapine or quetiapine
