Neurons and sensory systems part2 Flashcards
The autonomic nervous system has sympathic, parasympathetic, and a distinct network of neurons called the
Enteric nervous system
What is the function of the enteric system?
Controls activity of the digestive tract, pancreas, and gallbladder
What is the function of the sympathic division?
Regulates “fight-or-flight” response
What is the function of the parasympathetic divion?
Generates opposite responses in target organs and promotes calming and a return to “rest-and-digest” functions
The forebrain has the Telencephalon and Diencephalon. What are the brain structures?
Telencephalon consists of the cerebrum(cerebral cortex and basal nuclei)
The Diencephalon is made up of the thalmus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus
The mid brain has the mesencephalon. What is this composed of?
Mesencephalon is the midbrain. The midbrain is a part of the brainstem
The Hindbrain consists of the metencephalon and myelencephalon. What do they consist of ?
Metencephalon-pons (part of the brainstem), and cerebellum
The Myelencephalon’ the medulla oblongata (part of the brainstem)
What is the brain stem composed of?
Midbrain, Pons, and medulla oblongata
TRUE OR FALSE
The response of a sensory receptor varies with intensity of stimuli
TRUE
If a sensory receptor is a sensory neuron, a larger receptor potential results in more frequent action potentials
True or false
True
If the sensory receptor is not a sensory neuron, a larger receptor potential causes more neutranmitters to be released TRUE OR FALSE
True
What is perception?
Brain’s construction of stimuli
Action potentials travel along neurons dedicated to a particular
Stimulus
How does the brain distinguish stimuli such as sight or sound?
Solely by the path along which action potentials have arrived
What are 5 categories that a stimulus falls under?
- Mechanoreceptors
- Electromagnetic receptors
- Thermoreceptors
- Pain receptors
- Chemoreceptors
What are mechanoreceptors?
Pressure, touch, stretch and motion.
Some animals may use it to feel environment such as cats and rodents who use whiskers to get information in nearby objects
Electromagnetic receptors
Detect electromagnetic energy such as light, electricity, and magnetism
Some animals use it to detect electricity field made by prey. Or they can use it to migrate earth using Earth’s magnetic field
Thermorecptors?
Detect heat and cold
Snakes have these to detect in infrared radiation from prey
Pain receptors or nociceptors
Detect stimuli that reflect condiond that can damage animal tissues
-Helps you runaway from danger and detect pain
- prostaglandin will worsen pain by increasing receptor sensitivity: aspirin and ibuprofen help by inhibiting this synthesis
Chemoreceptors
Transit information about the total volume of solute concentration of a solution
Olfactation(smell) and gestation (taste) fall under the category of
Chemoreceptors
Mammals can distinguish between thousands of different odors
True
Humans and mammal cab recognize 5 different types of taste. On any region of theue tongue. What are they?
Sweet. Sour, bitter,salty and umami
Taste receptors are organized into____ are mostly found in projections called
Taste buds, Papillae
