Neurons Flashcards
multipolar neuron
many dendrites
1 soma
carry info from spinal chord to muscle
bipolar neruron
eyes and nose
soma has single dendrite and axons
pseudounipolar
peripheral/ central axon
grey matter
contain neuronal cell bodies and dendrites
white matter
contains axon/ myelin
ganglia
cell bodies outside CNS
Nuclei
collections cell bodies in CNS
conergence
multiple neurons into 1
divergence
1 neuron into multiple
transmisson of Information/ action potential stages
1.- resting potential
2.- slow depolarisation
3.- fast depolarisation
4.- repolarisation
5.- hyperrepolarisation
resting potential
-70mv
volatage gated Na and K channels are clossed
slow depolarisation
depolarisation of membrane occurs by neurotransmitters binding to dendrites
Na and K channels remain close
fast depolarisation
Na voltage gated channels open Na ions rush in causing a postive charge and membrane becomes positive
K remain close
repolarisation
Voltage gates Na become inactive and K channels open and K rushes out of the membrane causing negative charge
hyperrepolarisation
volatage gated K remain open
myelin
act as an insulator speeding up the nerve impusle
allow ap to jump and only depolarise in the node of ranveir
oligodendrocytes
create myelin in the CNS
schwanz cells
Create myelin in the PNS
synapse process
between 2 neurons
1. ap reaches the terminal vesicles
2. Ca enter via voltage gated channel
3. Ca binds to docking station
4. vesicles duse with memebrane release terminals
5. N.T bind to P.S.N
6. ions enter when ion channels open
neuromuscular junction
always excitory
synapse between neuron and muscle
neurotransmitter is acetylcholine
multiple sclerosis
oligodendrocytes are destoryed and demylinated axons slow down transmission
gullain barre syndrome
schwanz cells are destoryed
myasthenia gravis
neuromuscular junction destroy acteylcholine receptors on muscles
