auditory system

Question 1

convert sound to neural signal

Answer 1

sound waves enter ear drum
ossicles move causing vibraton of memebrane

movement of fluid in upper chamber

vibration of basilar membrane attached hair cells

hair bends because tips embeded in the immobile tectorial membrane

cochlear nerve endings are activated

Question 2

function

Answer 2

to hear
be able to locate and identify things
communication

Question 3

external ear

Answer 3

capture and channel sound waves into the auditory canal

Question 4

middle ear

Answer 4

ear drum

ossicles
-malleus, incus, stapes

lateral wall of inner ear

Question 5

ossicles

Answer 5

vibrate and magnify the sound waves

Question 6

cochlea

Question 7

unconcious pathway

Answer 7

to the superior colliculus= brain stem
orient to sound

to reticular formation- brainstem
arouse to sound

Question 8

concious hearig

Answer 8

cranial nerve 8
to choclear nuclei

either travel via superior olivary nuclei

then rise through brainstem via inferior colliculus

medial geniculate body of thalamus

primary auditory cortex

Question 9

lateral lemniscus

Answer 9

main assending pathway

Question 10

auditory radiation

Answer 10

From MGB to primary auditory cortex

Question 11

primary auditory cortex

Answer 11

site of concious awareness of intensity of sound

Question 12

secondary auditory cortex

Answer 12

associates memory of sounds into cat

Question 13

wernickers area

Answer 13

comprehension of spoken lang

left hemisphere

Question 14

conductive hearing loss

Answer 14

disorder of external ear or middle hear
sound air waves not able to transmit to inner ear

Question 15

sensorineural hearing loss

Answer 15

dissorder of inner ear, choclear nerve or central connection

Question 16

mixed hearing loss is

Answer 16

both CHL SNHL

Question 17

weber test

Answer 17

vibrating turning fork on middle of forehead asked to localise the sound
should be similar on both ears

Question 18

Rinne test

Answer 18

sound will be heard again at the EAM as air conduction better than bone conduction

Question 19

otitis media

Answer 19

middle ear infection

Question 20

otosclerosis

Answer 20

fusion of ossicles due to abnormal bone growth

Question 21

presbycusis

Answer 21

loss of high frequency hearing with age increased by loss of hair cells

Question 22

acoustic neuroma

Answer 22

benign tumour of schwanx cells of cranian nerve 8

Question 23

menieres disease

Answer 23

affecting the whole labyrinth

intermittent earing loss due to endolymph in membrane

Question 24

cortical deafness

Answer 24

bilateral damage to the primary auditory and secondary auditory cortex

Question 25

auditory agnosia

Answer 25

destroyed secondary cortex cant recognise sound

Question 26

auditory verbal agnosia

Answer 26

inability to comprehend speech a all and can't repeat speech

Question 27

conductive hearing loss treatment

Answer 27

clean ear out drain fluid hearing aid

Question 28

sensorineural hearing loss treat

Answer 28

cochlear implant