Neuron anatomy

Question 1

neurons

Answer 1

nervous system is comprised of specialized cells

Question 2

Cell body

Answer 2

main part of the neuron that contains the nucleus of the nerve cell. Also called the soma, other organelles are also found in the cell body

Question 3

Dendrites

Answer 3

These are appendages attached to the cell body that receive signals from other neurons

Question 4

Axon

Answer 4

This is the long structure attached to the cell body. It conducts and transmits information to other cells. Branches at the end of the axon form axon terminals. These branches facilitate communication between neurons and target cells

Question 5

Neurological cells CNS

Answer 5

Astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglial cell, and ependymal cells

Question 6

Neurological cells PNS

Answer 6

Schwann and satellite cells

Question 7

Neurological cells

Answer 7

provide support & protection to neurons

Question 8

myelin sheath

Answer 8

protein and lipid structure produced by a type of glial cell called a Schwann cell

heath functions like a blanket that provides a layer of insulation around the axon of a neuron, increasing the speed of electrical signal transmission

Question 9

nodes of Ranvier

Answer 9

found between the myleinated sheaths

Electric signals jump from one node to the next, thereby increasing the speed of signal transmission