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-nm Npte > neuromuscular pharmacology 1/7 > Flashcards

neuromuscular pharmacology 1/7 Flashcards

1
Q

what are barbiturates, benzodiapezines carboxylic acids, and second generation drugs?

A

antiepileptics - Indicated for seizure activity including partial, generalized, unclassified

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2
Q

how do antiepileptics MOA?

A

inhibit firing of certain cerebral neurons to reduce or eliminate seizures

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3
Q

What are iminostilbenes, succinimides, hydantoins?

A

antiepileptics

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4
Q

What is Neurontin (Gabapentin), Celontin (methsuximide), and seconal (secobarbital)?

A

antiepileptics

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5
Q

what is Tegretol (carbamazepine)), Dilantin (phenytoin)?

A

antiepileptics

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6
Q

what are Konopin (clonazepam), Depakote (vaproic acid)?

A

antiepileptics

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7
Q

what should PT consider about patients with epilepsy

A

environment - may be sensitive to light or noise

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8
Q 
what drug has side effects:
Ataxia
Skin issues
Behavioral changes
G.I. distress
Headache, blurred vision
A

antiepileptics

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9
Q

What is the MO way of anti-spasticity agents

A

Promote relaxation and spastic muscles by selectively binding with CNS or within skeletal muscle cells

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10
Q

Indications or patient populations: Increased tone, spasticity
Spinal cord injury
CVA
Multiple sclerosis

A

antispasticity

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11
Q 
What drug has side effects
Drowsiness, confusion, headache, dizziness
Generalized muscle weakness
Hepatotoxicity
Tolerance, dependence
A

Anti-spasticity agents

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12
Q

PT considerations for patient on anti-spasticity medication

A

Balance need to decrease spasticity with loss of function with reduced hypertonicity
Promote overall mobility
Sedation may alter schedule

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13
Q

what are Lioresal (baclofen), valium (diazepam)?

A

antispasticity

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14
Q

what are dantrium (dantrolene), and Zanaflex (tizanidine)?

A

antispasticity

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15
Q

MOA of cholinergic indirect stimulant agents

A

inhibit acetycholinersterase (normally destroys acetylcholine) to increase cholinergic synapse activity

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16
Q

Indications:
Glaucoma
Dementia because of Alzheimer’s

A

cholinergic agents

17
Q

Indications:
Myasthenia gravis
Postoperative decrease in GI motility
Reverse anticholinergic toxicity

A

cholinergic agents

18
Q

Side effects of which medication
G.I. distress
Impaired visual accommodation
Flushing

A

cholinergic agents

19
Q

side effects of which medication:
Bronchoconstriction
Bradycardia
Other parasympathetic effects

A

cholinergic agents

20
Q

Implications for PT for patient on cholinergic agent

A

Decrease heart rate
Dizziness
Look for sympathetic and parasympathetic system symptoms

21
Q

What drugs are
Duvoid (bethanechol)
Pilocar (pilocarpine)

A

direct cholinergic agents

22
Q 
what drugs are
Aricept (donezepil)
Tensilon (edrophonium)
Prostigmin (neostigmine)
Cognex (tacrine)
A

indirect cholinergic agents

23
Q

What is MOA of dopamine replacement agents?`

A

Cross blood brain barrier and transform to dopamine within brain
Supplement decrease an endogenous dopamine for Parkinson’s patients

24
Q

What medication has side effects
Arrhythmias
G.I. distress
Orthostatic hypotension?

A

dopamine replacement agents

25
Q

What medications have side effects
Dyskinesias
Mood and behavioral changes
Tolerance

A

dopamine replacement agents

26
Q

What PT considerations for patient on levodopa?

A

Scheduled therapy one hour after taking drugs
Potential for orthostatic hypotension
Possible arrhythmias

27
Q

What type of drug are Sinemet (levodopa)

Madopar (leodopa)

A

dopamine replacement agents

28
Q

what type of drug is

Symmetrel (amantidine)

A

dopamine replacement agents

29
Q

What is indication of muscle relaxant agents

A

Muscle spasm that is continuous, tonic contraction

Typically secondary to musculoskeletal or peripheral nerve injury (not CNS)

30
Q 
What drug has side effects
Sedation
Drowsiness
Dizziness
Nausea and vomiting
Headache
Tolerance and dependence
A

muscle relaxants

31
Q

what 2 drug types promote relaxation of muscles

A

muscle relaxants

antispasticity

32
Q

What drugs are
Valium (diazepam)
Flexeril (cyclobenzaprine)
Paraflex (chlorzoxazone)

A

muscle relaxants

33
Q

what are PT considerations for patients and muscle relaxant

A

maximize relaxation with use of modalities, therapeutic techniques
prevent reinjury with stretching, posture retraining, education

-nm Npte (28 decks)

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