Neurology - Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia Flashcards

1
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the causes of Abnormal Pupils?

A
  1. Horner’s Syndrome
  2. Oculomotor Nerve Palsy
  3. Holmes-Adie (Myotonic) Pupil
  4. Argyll Robertson Pupil
  5. RAPD/Marcus Gunn Pupil
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2
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the facial examination findings of Horner’s Syndrome?

A
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3
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What do neck scars and Horner’s Syndrome indicate?

A
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4
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the hand signs of Horner’s Syndrome?

A
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5
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What is needed to complete a Horner’s Syndrome examination?

A
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6
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the categories of differentials for horner’s syndrome?

A
  1. Central
  2. Preganglionic
  3. Post-ganglionic
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7
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the central causes of Horner’s Syndrome?

A
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8
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the preganglionic causes of Horner’s Syndrome?

A
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9
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the postganglionic causes of Horner’s Syndrome?

A
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10
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the features of Oculomotor Nerve Palsy?

A
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11
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

How are the Medical vs Surgical causes of Oculomotor Nerve Palsy?

A
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12
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the Medical causes of Oculomotor Nerve Palsy?

A
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13
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the surgical causes of Oculomotor Nerve Palsy?

A
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14
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What is Holmes-Adie (Myotonic) Pupil?

A
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15
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the features of Argyll Robertson Pupil?

A

(include extra)

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16
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the causes of Argyll Robertson Pupil?

A
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17
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the features of RAPD/Marcus Gunn Pupil?

A
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18
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the features of Optic Atrophy?

A
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19
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the are the causes of Optic Atrophy?

A

CAC VISION

  • Congenital
  • Alcohol and other toxins
  • Compression
  • Vascular
  • Inflammatory
  • Sarcoid
  • Infection
  • Oedema
  • Neoplastic
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20
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the congenital causes of Optic Atrophy?

A
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21
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the Alcohol/other toxin causes of Optic Atrophy?

22
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the compression causes of Optic Atrophy?

23
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the vascular causes of Optic Atrophy?

24
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the inflammatory causes of Optic Atrophy?

25
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the sarcoid causes of Optic Atrophy?

26
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the infective causes of Optic Atrophy?

27
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the oedematous causes of Optic Atrophy?

28
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the neoplastic causes of Optic Atrophy?

29
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What is the Visual Pathway?

30
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the investigations for Visual Field changes?

31
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the features of Homonymous Hemianopia?

What are the extras of an examination of this?

32
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the key questions in a Homonymous Hemianopia history?

33
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the Visual Field features of a Middle Cerebral Artery Stroke?

34
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the Visual Field features of a Posterior Cerebral Artery Stroke?

35
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the causes of Visual Field changes?

36
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What causes a Bitemporal Hemianopia?

What are the extras in approaching this?

37
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the causes of Bitemporal Hemianopia?

38
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the features of Monocular Blindness?

39
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What muscles of the left eye are being tested in a H Test?

40
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the key elements of an Ophthalmoplegia examination?

41
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

How does Ophthalmoplegia affect Diplopia?

42
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the features of a 3rd Nerve Palsy?

43
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the features of a 4th Nerve Palsy?

44
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the features of a 6th Nerve Palsy?

45
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the causes of Simple Palsies?

46
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the investigations of Simple Palsies?

47
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the examination findings of Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia?

48
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What is the Neurophysiology of Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia?

49
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the causes of Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia?

50
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What is Complex Ophthalmoplegia?

51
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the causes of Complex Ophthalmoplegia?

52
Q

Abnormal Pupils, Visual Fields, Ophthalmoplegia

What are the investigations of Complex Ophthalmoplegia?