Neurology Flashcards
Purpose fo the MLF?
Combine eye movements of 3, 4, 6 together is a cohesive pattern
Signs of neurocardiogenic syncope?
Fainting preceeded by lightheadedness, nausea, warmness or coolness, and/or sweating
Syncope while shaving neck
Carotid sinus hypersensitivity
Nerve that supples sensation to back of hand?
Radial nerve (at the distal forearm)
What are the branches of the internal carotid artery?
Opthalmic, anterior chorodial, middle cerebral and posterior communicating artery
Widespread patches of loos of punprick and light touch sensations in an immigrant?
Leprosy
Proximal muscle pain, weakless in an elderly person? Next step?
polymyalgia rheumatica, must rule out Temporal arteritis
Giving thiamine in chronic alcoholics prevents which complication?
Anterograde amnesia
UMN signs and radiation?
Think radiation-induced cord damage
Seizures with increased temperature, and restlessness
Ecstasy
Adrenal leukodystrophy
rare, genetic disorder characterized by the breakdown or loos of myelin
Left hemianoptia with right hemeneglect?
Right PCA stroke
Burning nelt form the left misback to umbilicus, with numbness around T12?
Diabeted radiculopathy
How to counteract haloperidol extraprymidal effects?
Benztropine, anticholinergic
First step in the management of a new stroke patient?
Start Asa
Signs of uncal herniation?
Compression of CN 3, hyperventilation
Central herniation
Small, brisk pupils
Signs of major Depressive disorder
Difficulty getting to sleep, waking up early, weight loos, low energey, social isolattion
Antipsychotic effects in dopamine pathway:
Mesolimbic?
Nigrostriatal?
Tuberinfundibular?
Meso: Antipsychotic efficacy
Nigro: Extrapyramidal symptoms
Tubero: Hyperprolactimemia
Primidone, use?
Essential tremor
Laterail Medulla damage?
Vertigo (Falls to side of lesion), Difficulty sitting upright, diplopia and nystagmus, Ipsilateral limb ataxia
ipsilateral bulbar weakness,
horners syndrome
Medial medullary syndrome
Alternating hypoglossal hemiplegia, contraleteral paralysis of the arm and leg, tongue deviation to lesion, contralateral paralysis of the arm and leg and tongue deviation toward the lesion
Open angle glaucoma
Asymptomatic increase in intraocular pressure initially. Results in decreased peripheral vision over time with cupping of the optic disk
Closed angle glaucoma
Acute onset of blurred vision, sever eye pain, causea, and vomiting, red every with hazy cornea and fixed, dilated pupil
Signs of central retinal artery occlusion? Treatment?
Painless loss of monocular vision, diffuse ischemia retinal whitening and cherry red spots
Treatment: Ocular massage and high flow O2
Eyes in thalamic hemorrhage? Pons hemorrhage?
Thalamic- eyes deviate towards
Pons: pinpoint reactive pupils
What does pronator drift demonstrate?
Pyramidal/corticospinal tract disease
What symptoms are found in internal capsule strokes? Causes?
Pure motor
Caused by microatherooma and/or lipohyallnosis
CMV retinitis
Increase generalized and oropharyngeal weakness with respiratory insufficiency/dyspnea
Myasthenic crisis
14-3-3 protein indicated?
Prior disease
Signs of marijuana intoxication?
Tachycardia, Tachypnea, hypertension, dry mouth, conjunctival injection, increased appetite
Antidote to warfarin?
Prothrombin complex concentrate
How does sodium bicarbonate help in TCA overdose?
Sodium load will alleviate depressant action on myocardial sodium channels
Signs of arsenic poisoning?
Acute: Garlic breather, vomiting, watery diarrhea, OTc prolongation
Chronic: hypo/hypoerpigmentation, hypo/hyperkeratosis, stocking-flove neuropathy
Signs of acute lead poisoning
Constipation, abdominal pain, forgetfulness, neuropathies, microcytic anemia
Most common causes of brain abscess
Viridans streptococci, S. Aureaus, Gram negative organisms
