Neurological Viruses - Middleton Flashcards
What are the common vectors of Arthropod transmission?
- Mosquitos
- culiseta, Aedes, Culex
- Ticks
- Transmission requires replication in the vector.
What are the reservoirs for Arthropods?
- Birds
- Small mammals
Selected togaviruses and Flaviviruses are transmitted through ________.
a vector
East equine encephalitis (EEE) and Venezuelan equine encephalitis Family and Genome:
Family = Togaviridae Genome = (+) ssRNA
How is EEE & VEE virus induced?
Bite from infected arthopod
Describe the infection process of EEE & VEE…
- bite
- infect local cells and carried by langerhan cells to LN
- Replication and release into the bloodstream
- Infection in other organs such as the CNS
- Methods of crossing the blood-brain barrier is unknown.
EEE & VEE Incubation period, Symptoms, Recovery:
Incubation = 4-10 days
Symptoms = chills, fever, malaise, arthralgia, myalgia.
Recovery = after 1-2 weeks
* Encephalitic disease = 1/3 of carriers die 2-10 days after onset. those who recover have long term sequelae (seizures)
EEE & VEE Prevention?
- single vaccine available (TC-83)
- Live attenuated
- Only provided to at risk individuals
- No treatment available after infection
- Mosquito repellant and control
West Nile Virus Incubation time?
2-14 days
West Nile Symptoms/survival rate?
- 80% = asymptomatic infection
- 20% = headache, fever, fatigue
- duration is 3-6 days
- Neuroinvasive disease occurs in 1% (50% of survivors will have long term sequelae.)
Prevention/treatment of west nile virus?
- No approved vaccine
- No treatment
- Mosquito repellant and control strategies
Rabies virus Family, Genome, Virion….
Family = Rhabdoviridae Genome = (-)ssRNA Virion = Enveloped
True or false, rabies has very broad Tropism?
True!
Where does the rabies virus replicate?
In the cytoplasm
Reservoir for rabies?
Dogs, skunks, raccoons, bats….
