Hepatitis Viruses - Middleton Flashcards
Where do the Hepatitis Viruses target?
The Liver
Hepatitis primarily infects and replicates in _______.
Hepatocytes
Hepatitis A: family, genome & Virion…..
Family = Picornavirus Genome = (+) ssRNA Virion = Non enveloped
What are the modes of transmission for Hepatitis A?
- Fecal-oral
- Sexual
- Parenteral
Hepatitis B: Family, Genome & Virion…
Family = Hepadnaviridae Genome = Circular dsDNA Virion = Enveloped
What are the modes of transmission for Hepatitis B?
- Sexual
- Vertical
- Parental
Hepatitis C: Family, Genome & Virion..
Family = Flaviviridae Genome = (+) ssRNA Virion = Enveloped
What are the modes of transmission for Hepatitis C?
- Sexual
- Vertical
- parenteral
Hepatitis Delta: Family, Genome & Virion…
Family = Deltaviridae Genome = (-) ssRNA Virion = Enveloped
Modes of transmission for Hep. Delta?
- Sexual
- Vertical
- Parenteral
Hepatitis E: Family, Genome & Virion…
Family = Calciviridae Genome = (+)ssRNA Virion = Non-enveloped
Modes of transmission for Hep. E?
- Fecal-oral
- Sexual
- Parenteral
_____ & ____ are very rare in the US.
Hep. delta & Hep. E
_______ Causes food borne and waterborne hepatitis?
Hep. E
Is there any prevention available for Hep. E?
NO
HAV & HEV are very similar how can they be distinguished from each other?
by serology
Best prevention of HAV?
- Vaccine available = Havrix (killed vaccine)
What are the symptoms of HAV? When do they resolve?
Maliase
anorexia
Vomiting & jaundice
*resolves approx. 8 weeks post infection.
Best method of prevention for HCV?
- No vaccine
- Interferon-alpha treatment helps reduce chances.
What are the symptoms of HBV? When do they resolve?
- Malaise
- anorexia
- Vomiting & fatigue
- Jaundice
- Elevated alanine levels
- Recovery = approx. 3-4 months after onset of jaundice.
HBV: Chronic disease occurs in _____ of cases.
5%
- Sporadic episodes of hepatitis
- cirrhosis of liver
______ Requires an HBV infection first.
HDV!
HBV: the genome encodes how many proteins?
one!
What is the best prevention of HBV?
Vaccination
- Requires multiple inoculations
- not effective against chronic infection
- Treatment for chronic case is interferon-alpha therapy & Nucleoside analogs: adefovir, lamivudine & tenofovir.
Which Hepatits virus utilizes missing cap ribosomes to recognize interanl entry ribosomes entry site?
HCV
What are the symptoms of HCV?
- typically milder than HBV
- 80% of infections are chronic
- Extrahepatic disease = Mixed cryoglobulinemia
