Neuroimaging techniques used PP Flashcards

(36 cards)

1
Q

Unit of measurement for electrocorticogram

A

Millivolts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Unit of measurement for EEG

A

Microvolt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

2 recording techniques for EEG measurement

A

Monopolar
Bipolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Electrode placement in monopolar recording technique

A

One active electrode in good contact with skin over area of interest
One reference electrode on relatively inactive area (ex tip of nose)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name for electrode placement in monopolar recording technique

A

10-20 system
Electrodes are placed 10% or 20% between standard points

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Electrode placement in bipolar recording technique

A

Two active electrodes are placed over cortical areas of interest
Leads record algebraic sum of the electrical potentials
No reference electrode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Disadvantage of bipolar recording technique

A

Produces record of combined activity at 2 locations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which applications is the bipolar recording technique used in?

A

Research application (not clinical)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What can EEG resting state activity detect?

A

Changes due to disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Advantages of EEG

A

Excellent temporal resolution to millisecond level
Cheap
Well tolerated
Widely available

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Disadvantages of EEG

A

Poor spatial resolution
Complex analytical procedures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What kind of imaging is MRI?

A

Structural imaging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name 2 kinds of dynamic imaging

A

PET
EEG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

4 kind of functional imaging

A

Functional MRI
PET
MEG
EEG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which imaging technique has the highest spatial resolution?

A

MRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does MRI relaxation refer to?

A

The process by which protons release the radio frequency energy and return to their original configuration

17
Q

How many relaxation times can be measured in MRI?

A

2, spin-lattice(T1) and spin-spin(T2)
And for fMRI also T*

18
Q

What is PET based on?

A

radioactive decay scheme of positrons

19
Q

2 types of radio tracers used in PET

A

Fluorine based (long half life)
Carbon or oxygen based (short half life)

20
Q

Which imaging technique has the lowest spatial resolution?

A

Electroencephalography (EEG)

21
Q

Which imaging technique has the highest temporal resolution?

22
Q

Which imaging technique has the lowest temporal resolution?

23
Q

What does functional neuroimaging techniques exploit?

A

Biochemical and biophysical transient changes that occur in the brain cells

24
Q

What general assumption is cognitive neuroimaging based on?

A

That complex cognitive tasks are the result of simpler operations

25
2 data analysis that allow to detect physiological changes related to psychological events
Subtraction Statistical parametric mapping
26
What does evidence from PET studies show changes in as response to motor, sensory and cognitive tasks?
Brain blood flow
27
What does fMRI use?
Changes in magnetic properties of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin
28
How long is the delay between stimulus presentation and detection of the hemodynamic response?
4000 ms
29
What is echo planar imaging (EPI)?
MRI method used to acquire fast one-shot images
30
What is BOLD contrast?
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent contrast
31
2 types of design used by functional neuroimaging studies and which technique uses them
Block design (PET and fMRI) Event-related design (EEG and fMRI)
32
How does block design work?
Baseline Activation Baseline
33
How does event related design work
Random mix between event 1 and event 2
34
Limitation of block design
Trails can only be presented in a fixed order
35
Advantages of event-related design
Random order of trails Subjective or post-hoc classification of trials Statistical models can be more accurate than block design
36
Disadvantages of event-related design
Less efficient in detecting potential effects Some psychological processes are better measure during a block design (ex task switching)