Neuroanatomy Flashcards
Prosencephalon
Forebrain: telencephalon + diencephalon
Telencephalon includes what structures of the brain?
- Amygdala
- Basal ganglia
- Cerebrum
- Hippocampus
Dicencephalon includes what structures of the brain?
- Thalamus
- Hypothalamus
- Subthalamus
- Epithalamus
Mesenchephalon
Midbrain: tectum + Tegmentum
Tectum includes what structures of the CNS?
Superior and Inferior colliculi
Tegmentum includes what structures of the CNS?
- Cerebral aqueduct
- Periaqueductal gray
- Reticular formation
- Substantia nigra
- Red nucleus
Rhombencephalon
Hindbrain: Metencephalon + Myelencephalon
Metencephalon includes what structures of the CNS?
Cerebellum
Pons
Myelencephalon include what structures of the brain?
Medulla Oblongata
What does the brainstem consist of ?
- Midbrain
- Pons
- Medulla Oblongata
What are 3 characteristics of the Spinal Cord?
- All levels
- Afferent and efferent tracts
- Inner core of gray matter and superficial white mater
What is gray matter?
1 consists of UNMYELINATED neurons
- Contains capillaries, glial Cells, cell bodies, and dendrites
What is white matter?
- Consists of MYELINATED axons
2. Contains never fibers W/O dendrites
Name the lobes of the brain.
- Frontal
- Parietal
- Temporal
- Occipital
How many spinal nerves exit the vertebral column through the intervertebral foramina?
31 pairs of spinal nerves
- 8 cervical
- 12 thoracic
- 5 lumbar
- 5 sacral
- 1 coccygeal
In the PNS, bundles of nerve fibers + axons are supported by _________ fibers and conductor information to the ________.
- Connective fibers
2. CNS
T or F: PNS nerves although encased in fibrous sheaths, are relatively unprotected.
True
How many roots do spinal nerves have?
- (Anterior and a posterior root)
What does the anterior root carry?
Anterior roots carry MOTOR information AWAY from the CNS (efferent fibers)
What does a posterior root carry?
Carries information regarding SENSATION to the CNS (afferent fibers)
What are ganglia?
Clusters or swellings of cells that give rise to the peripheral and central nerve fibers
What are ganglia divided into?
Sensory ganglia and autonomic ganglia
What are the two subcategories of the ANS?
- Sympathetic Nervous system
2. Parasympathetic Nervous System
What does the sympathetic division do?
Prepares the body for emergency response; generally stimulating response